Table 3.

Summary of institutional barriers to doing transdisciplinary research with recommendations to reduce these barriers.

Level of Institutional Barrier	Institutional Barrier	Recommendation to Reduce Barrier
Departments, colleges, university, discipline	Lack of understanding of the value, significance, rigor, and difficulty of transdisciplinary research across a range of evaluators	Increased communication of value, significance, rigor, and difficulty of transdisciplinary research to relevant decisionmakers (i.e., departments, committees on academic personnel, external reviewers, deans, provosts)
Discipline	Lack of specific outlets to promoting, sharing, and describing transdisciplinary research processes and findings	Development of practice-oriented journals, transdisciplinary journals, and special issues of journals
Departments, colleges	Lack of communication of evaluation criteria for transdisciplinary research	Department prepared guidelines with evaluation criteria and examples that could follow examples of community-engaged and public scholarship contributions to knowledge
University	Lack of policies and procedures that adequately takes into account recent changes in research activities	Update academic senate manuals (i.e., Academic Personnel Manuals) personnel manuals to provide guidance to more meaningfully evaluate transdisciplinary scholarship
Department, college, university, discipline	Lack of evaluation criteria for team science, convergence research, and collaborative scholarship	Use of new evaluation tools such as CRediT taxonomy to account for work contributed to collaborative research