Figure 5.
Metabolomic analysis of osteotomy hematomas—correlation between TCA activity and pH. (A) Heatmap of metabolites of the TCA and ratios between TCA and glycolysis products for 10 h (n = 2) or 24 h (n = 3) post osteotomy in conjunction with the individual pH measured in each hematoma samples that is represented here. (B) Simplified scheme of metabolic pathways underlying cellular respiration. Glycolysis occurs under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Recovery of NAD+ under anaerobic conditions occurs in eukaryotic cells exclusively via lactate fermentation. Lactate is transported across cell membranes by cotransport with protons, thereby an acidification of the extracellular environment can occur. Under aerobic conditions, pyruvate enters the mitochondrion and participates in the TCA cycle. Energy in the form of ATP is generated during oxidative phosphorylation via proton shuttling through complex (C) 1, 3 and 4 into the intermembrane space and proton retrieval along the gradient by complex 5 (proton pump). Oxygen is needed at the end of the electron transport chain to generate H2O.