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The basics of the Kelch-like erythroid cell-derived protein with cap´n´collar homology-associated protein 1(KEAP1)/ NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) system. KEAP1 acts as a “floodgate” for NRF2 and usually blocks NRF2 entry to the nucleus by facilitating its ubiquitin-mediated degradation. The gate opens upon encountering stresses, and NRF2 translocates into the nucleus and activates a battery of cytoprotective genes. Cornification is an essential aspect of such cytoprotective responses.
