Table 4.
Risks of antibiotic exposure in the first 6 and 12 months of life, on the development of childhood onset IBD, stratified by EO-IBD and P-IBD.
| EO-IBD (1–9 Years) | P-IBD (10–17 Years) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases (n = 36) n (%) |
Controls (n = 360) n (%) |
Adj 2 OR (95% CI) |
Cases (n = 34), n (%) |
Controls (n = 340), n (%) |
Adj 2 OR (95% CI) |
|
| Antibiotic prescription in the first 6 months of life | ||||||
| No | 24 (66.7) | 292 (81.1) | 1 (1–1) | 28 (82.4) | 268 (78.8) | 1 (1–1) |
| Yes | 12 (33.3) | 68 (18.9) | 2.36 (1.06–5.24) | 6 (17.7) | 72 (21.2) | 0.82 (0.31–2.13) |
| 1 † | 3 (8.3) | 48 (13.3) | 0.84 (0.24–2.99) | 3 (8.8) | 44 (12.9) | 0.64 (0.18–2.26) |
| 2–3 † | 6 (16.7) | 17 (4.7) | 5.83 (1.77–19.18) | 2 (5.9) | 24 (7.1) | 0.92 (0.21–4.12) |
| ≥4 † | 3 (8.3) | 3 (0.8) | 15.07 (2.45–92.63) | 1 (2.9) | 4 (1.2) | 2.43 (0.24–24.52) |
| Antibiotic prescription in the first 12 months of life | ||||||
| No | 17 (47.2) | 201 (55.8) | 1 (1–1) | 20 (58.8) | 179 (52.7) | 1 (1–1) |
| Yes | 36 (52.8) | 159 (44.2) | 1.43 (0.69–2.96) | 14 (41.2) | 161 (47.3) | 0.81 (0.37–1.76) |
| 1 † | 6 (16.7) | 84 (23.3) | 0.86 (0.31–2.36) | 7 (20.6) | 80 (23.5) | 0.74 (0.28–1.98) |
| 2–3 † | 3 (8.3) | 60 (16.7) | 0.64 (0.18–2.3) | 6 (17.7) | 56 (16.5) | 1.14 (0.41–3.15) |
| ≥4 † | 10 (27.8) | 15 (4.2) | 11.10 (3.41–36.13) | 1 (2.9) | 25 (7.4) | 0.37 (0.05–2.97) |
† Reference group: not exposed to antibiotics; Adj 2: sex; year of birth; season of birth; having older siblings; number of births; birth weight; gestational age; Apgar scores at 1 minute; maternal age; and mother’s formal education at the moment of birth.