Table 5.
Risks of antibiotic exposure in the first 6 and 12 months of life, in the development of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.
| Crohn’s Disease (n = 38) n (%) |
Controls (n = 380) n (%) |
Adj 2 OR (95% CI) |
UC (n = 27) n (%) |
Controls (n = 270) n (%) |
Adj 2 OR (95% CI) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antibiotic prescription in the first 6 months of life | ||||||
| No | 25 (65.8) | 313 (82.4) | 1 (1–1) | 22 (81.48) | 207 (76.7) | 1 (1–1) |
| Yes | 13 (34.2) | 67 (17.6) | 2.61 (1.17–5.81) | 5 (18.52) | 63 (23.3) | 0.85 (0.29–2.52) |
| 1 † | 4 (10.5) | 40 (10.5) | 1.36 (0.42–4.34) | 2 (7.41) | 44 (16.3) | 0.48 (0.10–2.26) |
| 2–3 † | 5 (13.2) | 24 (6.3) | 3.30 (1.08–10.09) | 3 (11.11) | 15 (5.6) | 2.40 (0.55–10.47) |
| ≥4 † | 4 (10.5) | 3 (0.8) | 13.02 (2.47–68.47) | 0 (0) | 4 (1.5) | - |
| Antibiotic prescription in the first 12 months of life | ||||||
| No | 16 (42.1) | 208 (54.7) | 1 (1–1) | 18 (66.67) | 147 (54.4) | 1 (1–1) |
| Yes | 22 (57.9) | 172 (45.7) | 1.72 (0.84–3.53) | 9 (33.33) | 123 (45.6) | 0.72 (0.28–1.86) |
| 1 † | 8 (21.1) | 90 (23.7) | 1.26 (0.50–3.19) | 4 (14.81) | 61 (22.6) | 0.58 (0.17–1.97) |
| 2–3 † | 6 (15.8) | 60 (15.8) | 1.35 (0.49–3.70) | 3 (11.11) | 48 (17.8) | 0.71 (0.18–2.78) |
| ≥4 † | 8 (21.1) | 22 (5.8) | 4.86 (1.70–13.90) | 2 (7.41) | 14 (5.2) | 1.42 (0.25–7.97) |
† Reference group: not exposed to antibiotics. Adj 2: sex; year of birth; season of birth; having older siblings; number of births; birth weight; gestational age; Apgar scores at 1 minute; maternal age; and mother’s formal education at the moment of birth.