Table 1.
Association of CTC clusters and clinical outcomes in cancer patients.
| Patient Number | Stage: Localized, Metastatic, all Stage | CTC Enrichment /Isolation Method |
CTC Identification/Detection Method |
CTC Clusters Detection Rate in Cancer Patient (%) |
Prognosis Value of CTC-Cluster Positive Detection | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Breast Cancer | ||||||
| 52 | Metastatic | CellSearch® | ICC: CK+, DAPI+, CD45− | 8/32 (25%) | Correlate with shorter PFS | [41] |
| 115 | Advanced patient (Stage III/IV) | CellSearch® | ICC: CK+, DAPI+, CD45− | 20/115 (17%) | Correlate with shorter PFS | [40] |
| 52 | Metastatic | CellSearch® | ICC: CK+, DAPI+, CD45− | 9/52 (18%) | Correlate with shorter PFS and OS | [48] |
| 128 | Metastatic | CellSearch® | ICC: CK+, DAPI+, CD45− | 21/128 (16%) | Correlate with shorter PFS and OS | [49] |
| 156 | Metastatic | CellSearch® | ICC: CK+, DAPI+, CD45− | 30/156 (19%) | Correlate with shorter PFS and OS | [50] |
| Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | ||||||
| 63 | All stage | Microfluidic | ICC: CK+, DAPI+, CD45− | 51/63 (81%) | Correlate with shorter PFS and OS | [42] |
| 14 | All stage | CellSearch® | ICC: CK+, DAPI+, CD45− | 6/14 (42%) (in portal vein) | Not studied | [51] |
| 20 | Metastatic | Size-based: Screencell© | Cytology | 13/20 (65%) before chemotherapy 15/20 (75%) after chemotherapy | No correlation between PFS and OS with cluster detection | [52] |
| 22 | Resectable | CellSearch® | ICC: CK+, DAPI+, CD45− | 2/11 (18%) (portal blood) | Correlate with shorter OS | [44] |
| Lung cancer | ||||||
| SCLC 97 |
All stage | CellSearch® | ICC: CK+, DAPI+, CD45− | 25/97 (25%) | Correlate with shorter PFS and OS | [23] |
| NSCLC 36 |
Resectable disease (stage I-III) | OncoBean | ICC: CK+, DAPI+, CD45− | 19/36 (53%) | Correlate with shorter PFS | [53] |
| NSCLC 29 |
All stage | Size-Based | ICC: CK+, DAPI+, CD45− | 12/29 (41%) | Correlate with disease stage * | [54] |
| NSCLC 77 |
Resectable disease (stage I-III) | Size-based: Screencell© | Cytology | 19/36 (52%) (13/19 in pulmonary vein) | Correlate with shorter PFS and OS | [30] |
| Epithelial ovarian cancer | ||||||
| 54 | All stage | Microfluidic | ICC: CK+, DAPI+, CD45− | 20/32 (62%) | Platinium resistance Correlate with shorter PFS | [55] |
| Prostate cancer | ||||||
| 98 | All stage | Microfluidic | Flow-cytometry | 49/98 (50%) | Correlate with shorter PFS and OS | [43] |
| 98 | All stage | Size based ISET | ICC: CK+, DAPI+, CD45− | 18/98 (18%) | Correlate with shorter OS | [45] |
OS, overall survival; PFS, progression free survival; ICC, immuno-cyto-chemistry; DAPI, 4′, 6-diamidino-2-phénylindole; CK, cytokeratin, a marker of epithelial cells; CD45, cluster of differentiation 45, a marker of white blood cells; CTCs: circulating tumor cells; ISET, isolation by size of epithelial tumor cells; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; SCLC, small cell lung cancer; * Not statistically significant.