Table 2.
Clinical trials evaluating immune checkpoint inhibitors in association with tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
| NCT number | Targeting Agents | Comparison | Phase | Histology | Primary Endpoint | Therapy Setting | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT03260894 | pembrolizumab + epacadostat | sunitinib or pazopanib | III | ccRCC | ORR | First line | Active not recruiting |
| NCT02811861 | lenvatinib + everolimus or pembrolizumab | sunitinib | III | ccRCC | PFS | First line | Active not recruiting |
| NCT03141177 | nivolumab + cabozantinib | sunitinib | III | ccRCC | PFS | First line | Active not recruiting |
| NCT03793166 | nivolumab, ipilimumab, cabozantinib | nivolumab or nivolumab + cabozantinib | III | ccRCC | OS | First line | Recruiting |
| NCT03937219 | nivolumab + ipilimumab + cabozantinib | nivolumab + ipilimumab + placebo | III | ccRCC | DFS | First line | Recruiting |
| NCT03680521 | sitravatinib + nivolumab | _ | II | ccRCC | ORR | First line | Recruiting |
| NCT02960906 | nivolumab, ipilimumab, VEGFR-TKI | _ | II | ccRCC | ORR | First line | Recruiting |
| NCT03736330 | axitinib + pembrolizumab + D-CIK | _ | II | ccRCC | ORR | At least second line | Recruiting |
| NCT02819596 | savolitinib, durvalumab, tremelimumab | _ | II | ccRCC, pRCC | DLT, ORR | At least second line | Unknown |
| NCT02964078 | pembrolizumab + interleukin-2 | _ | II | ccRCC | ORR | Any | Active not recruiting |
| NCT03092856 | anti-OX40 agonist antibody + axitinib | _ | II | ccRCC | PFS | No standard anymore available | Recruiting |
| NCT02724878 | atezolizumab + bevacizumab | _ | II | nccRCC | ORR | Any | Active not recruiting |
| NCT03635892 | nivolumab + cabozantinib | _ | II | nccRCC | ORR | Any | Recruiting |
| NCT03595124 | nivolumab + axitinib | _ | II | tRCC | PFS | Any | Recruiting |
| NCT02493751 | avelumab + axitinib | _ | I/II | ccRCC | DLT | First line | Published |
| NCT02899078 | ibrutinib + nivolumab | _ | I/II | ccRCC, nccRCC | PFS | At least second line | Recruiting |
| NCT02348008 | pembrolizumab + bevacizumab | _ | I/II | ccRCC | Safety, efficacy | At least second line | Active not recruiting |
| NCT03172754 | nivolumab + axitinib | _ | I/II | ccRCC | Safety | At least second line | Recruiting |
| NCT03024437 | atezolizumab + entinostat + bevacizumab | atezolizumab + entinostat | I/II | ccRCC | Safety, ORR | At least second line | Recruiting |
| NCT02501096 | pembrolizumab + lenvatinib | _ | I/II | ccRCC | DLT, ORR | No standard anymore available | Active not recruiting |
| NCT01472081 | nivolumab + sunitinib or pazopanib | nivolumab | I | ccRCC | Safety | At least second line | Published |
| NCT03307785 | TSR-022 (anti-TIM3)/niraparib/TSR-042 (anti-PD1)/chemotherapy/bevacizumab | _ | I | RCC and others | Safety | At least second line | Active not recruiting |
| NCT03200587 | avelumab + cabozantinib | _ | Ib | ccRCC | Safety | Any | Recruiting |
Abbreviations: OS = overall survival; HR = Hazard Ratio; PFS = progression-free survival; ORR = objective response rate; CR = complete response; ccRCC = clear cell renal cell carcinoma; nccRCC = non clear cell renal cell carcinoma; DLT = dose-limiting toxicity; DFS = disease-free survival; ICI = immune checkpoint inhibitor; TKI = tyrosine kinase inhibitor; VEGFR: vascular endothelial growth factor receptor; _ = na; SBRT = stereotactic body radiation.