. 2020 Mar 30;17(7):2320. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17072320

Table 4.

Moderating effort of academic emotions on students’ interaction and learning persistence.

Learning Persistence
Variables	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Variables	Model 4	Model 5	Model 6	Variables	Model 7	Model 8	Mode l9
Variables	Standardized Coefficient (Beta)			Variables	Standardized Coefficient (Beta)			Variables	Standardized Coefficient (Beta)
Independent Variables				Independent Variables				Independent Variables
SS	0.308 ***	0.265 ***	0.225 ***	SS	0.308 ***	0.301 ***	0.264 ***	SS	0.308 ***	0.295 ***	0.272 ***
SI	0.081	0.022	0.020	SI	0.081	0.083	0.087	SI	0.081	0.079	0.112
SC	0.326 ***	0.238 ***	0.255 ***	SC	0.326 ***	0.320 ***	0.304 ***	SC	0.326 ***	0.269 ***	0.247 ***
Moderator				Moderator				Moderator
Enjoyment (EN)		0.226 ***	0.234 ***	Anxiety (AN)		−0.136 ***	−0.145 ***	Boredom (BO)		−0.153 ***	−0.170 ***
Interaction Variable				Interaction Variable				Interaction Variable
SS × EN			−0.037	SS × AN			−0.164 ***	SS × BO			−0.204 ***
SI × EN			0.172 ***	SI × AN			−0.178 ***	SI × BO			−0.100
SC × EN			−0.016	SC × AN			−0.018	SC × BO			−0.051
R	0.578	0.602	0.617	R	0.578	0.589	0.613	R	0.578	0.595	0.611
R²	0.334	0.362	0.381	R²	0.334	0.347	0.376	R²	0.334	0.354	0.373
ΔR²	0.334	0.028	0.019	ΔR²	0.334	0.013	0.029	ΔR²	0.334	0.019	0.020
F	56.093 ***	47.418 ***	29.135 ***	F	56.093 ***	47.225 **	41.189 **	F	56.093 ***	45.692 ***	28.167 ***

Note: N = 339. SS: student-student interaction; SI: student-instructor interaction; SC: student-content interaction; EN: enjoyment; AN: anxiety; BO: boredom. ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001.