Table 2.
Main determinants of carbon emission (CO2) in Far-East Asian countries (fixed effect model).
| Dep. Var: CO2 Emission | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Log of Urbanization | 2.718 *** | 1.370 * | 1.149 * | 1.426 ** |
| (0.539) | (0.622) | (0.605) | (0.596) | |
| Log of GDP | 0.410 ** | 0.237 ** | 0.0222 | |
| (0.123) | (0.0959) | (0.244) | ||
| Log of Trade Openness | 0.303 * | 0.122 | ||
| (0.139) | (0.212) | |||
| Country FE | YES | YES | YES | YES |
| Year FE (Time Trend) | NO | NO | NO | YES |
| Constant | 0.280 | −4.821 | 0.751 | 3.717 |
| (2.237) | (2.714) | (3.373) | (5.275) | |
| Observations | 315 | 313 | 313 | 313 |
| R-squared | 0.656 | 0.775 | 0.800 | 0.853 |
| Number of country1 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
Note: Table 2 shows the panel fixed effect estimates of the CO2 emission in nine Far East Asian countries using a balanced panel data from 1980 to 2017. Standard errors are clustered at country level shown in parenthesis. Dependent variable is the carbon dioxide emission measured in metric tons. *** p < 0.01, ** p < 0.05, * p < 0.1.