Table 4.
Adjusted Hazard Rations of Mortality among Patients with Schizophrenic Disorders Based on the Charlson Comorbidities.
| Charlson Comorbidities | Univariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis # | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95%CI | aHR | 95%CI | |
| Myocardial infarction | 6.83 | 4.80–9.72 *** | 2.36 | 1.66–3.36 *** |
| Congestive heart failure | 7.04 | 5.86–8.45 *** | 2.74 | 2.27–3.29 *** |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 3.52 | 2.50–4.95 *** | 2.05 | 1.46–2.89 *** |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 3.53 | 3.18–3.91 *** | 1.85 | 1.67–2.06 *** |
| Dementia | 4.39 | 3.90–4.95 *** | 1.78 | 1.58–2.01 *** |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 2.16 | 1.99–2.35 *** | 1.49 | 1.37–1.62 *** |
| Rheumatic disease | 1.47 | 1.28–1.69 *** | 1.21 | 1.05–1.39 *** |
| Peptic ulcer disease | 1.68 | 1.55–1.82 *** | 1.36 | 1.25–1.47 *** |
| Mild liver disease | 2.05 | 1.86–2.27 *** | 1.81 | 1.64–2.00 *** |
| Diabetes mellitus without end-organ damage | 3.14 | 2.91–3.39 *** | 1.86 | 1.73–2.01 *** |
| Diabetes mellitus with end-organ damage | 4.66 | 3.88–5.60 *** | 2.53 | 2.10–3.04 *** |
| Hemiplegia | 3.33 | 2.40–4.62 *** | 2.17 | 1.56–3.01 *** |
| Renal disease | 3.75 | 3.20–4.39 *** | 2.53 | 2.15–2.96 *** |
| Any malignancy, including lymphoma and leukemia, except malignant neoplasm of skin | 3.97 | 3.34–4.73 *** | 3.13 | 2.63–3.72 *** |
| Moderate liver disease | 7.82 | 5.98–10.21 *** | 5.59 | 4.27–7.31 *** |
| Metastatic solid tumor | 10.08 | 6.69–15.17 *** | 6.31 | 4.19–9.50 *** |
| HIV/AIDS | - | - | - | - |
*** p < 0.001; CI = confidence interval, HR = hazard ratio, aHR = adjusted hazard ratio, AIDS = acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, HIV = human immunodeficiency virus. # Adjusted for the patient’s age, gender, socioeconomic status, geographic regions, and teaching level of hospital.