Table 2.
Comparative analysis of the physiological profile of the players by category.
| U14 | U16 | U18 | ∆ U16 vs. U14 |
∆ U18 vs. U14 |
∆ U18 vs. U16 |
ES U16 vs. U14 |
ES U18 vs. U14 |
ES U18 vs. U16 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |||||||
| Upper limb strength | ||||||||||||
| Handgrip Right (kg) | 27.4 | 6.60 | 34.3 | 5.41 | 40.5 | 6.69 | 6.91 b | 13.0 c | 6.13 a | 1.14 | 1.97 | 1.04 |
| Handgrip Left (kg) | 25.1 | 6.17 | 31.0 | 6.19 | 35.9 | 7.12 | 5.91 a | 10.8 c | 4.86 | 0.96 | 1.64 | 0.74 |
| Lower limb strength | ||||||||||||
| SJ Height (cm) | 21.3 | 5.36 | 26.4 | 4.28 | 32.8 | 6.92 | 5.10 a | 11.5 c | 6.37 b | 1.04 | 1.89 | 1.12 |
| SJ Power (W) | 1888.5 | 514.2 | 2281.0 | 667.1 | 2994.8 | 734.1 | 392.5 | 1106.3 c | 713.8 a | 0.65 | 1.75 | 1.02 |
| CMJ Height (cm) | 24.0 | 5.29 | 29.0 | 4.75 | 34.8 | 6.13 | 4.97 a | 10.9 c | 5.90 a | 0.99 | 1.90 | 1.06 |
| CMJ Power (W) | 2066.9 | 591.5 | 2467.7 | 657.0 | 3109.1 | 674.3 | 400.8 | 1042.1 c | 641.3 a | 0.64 | 1.64 | 0.96 |
| ABK Height (cm) | 28.5 | 5.35 | 32.2 | 5.50 | 40.0 | 5.72 | 3.71 | 11.5 c | 7.78 c | 0.68 | 2.08 | 1.39 |
| ABK Power (W) | 1891.1 | 1134.7 | 2270.0 | 1324.7 | 3062.8 | 1334.7 | 378.9 | 1171.7 a | 792.8 | 0.68 | 2.09 | 1.38 |
| Agility/coordination | ||||||||||||
| Time (s) | 10.19 | 0.95 | 9.11 | 0.74 | 8.47 | 0.52 | 1.08 a | 1.72 a | 0.64 | 1.28 | 2.11 | 0.95 |
| Velocity (m·s-1) | 2.64 | 0.25 | 2.94 | 0.24 | 2.87 | 0.97 | 0.31 a | 0.52 a | 0.21 | 1.27 | 2.24 | 0.93 |
| Velocity | ||||||||||||
| Total Time 30 m (s) | 5.20 | 0.39 | 4.52 | 0.40 | 4.35 | 0.18 | −0.63 c | −0.80 c | −0.17 | 1.60 | 2.50 | 0.54 |
| Total Velocity 30 m (m·s-1) | 5.9 | 0.45 | 6.69 | 0.64 | 6.91 | 0.31 | 0.83 c | 1.05 c | 0.22 | 1.53 | 2.64 | 0.43 |
| Time 5 m (s) | 1.20 | 0.16 | 1.06 | 0.08 | 1.06 | 0.07 | −0.15 c | −0.15 b | 0.00 | 1.15 | 1.15 | 0.00 |
| Velocity 5 m (m·s-1) | 4.2 | 0.47 | 4.75 | 0.36 | 4.74 | 0.31 | 0.56 c | 0.55 c | −0.01 | 1.32 | 1.34 | 0.03 |
| Time 25 m (s) | 3.9 | 0.44 | 3.46 | 0.39 | 3.29 | 0.15 | −0.42 b | −0.59 c | −0.17 | 1.00 | 0.73 | 0.20 |
| Velocity 25 m (m·s-1) | 6.5 | 0.89 | 7.32 | 1.03 | 7.61 | 0.35 | 0.79 a | 1.08 b | 0.29 | 0.83 | 1.51 | 0.37 |
| Cardiorespiratory measures | ||||||||||||
| Laps (nº) | 13.7 | 1.00 | 15.2 | 1.32 | 15.6 | 1.33 | 1.51 b | 1.95 c | 0.45 | 1.27 | 1.63 | 0.33 |
| VO2 max (ml·min·kg-1) | 40.4 | 1.60 | 43.5 | 3.29 | 44.9 | 3.01 | 3.13 a | 4.50 b | 1.37 | 1.17 | 1.91 | 0.44 |
Data are mean ± SD. U14, between 13 and 14 years (n = 19); U16, between 15 and 16 years (n = 18); U18, between 17 and 18 years (n = 16). ES: Effect size; SJ: Squat jump; CMJ: Countermovement jump; ABK: Abalakov jump. Statistically significant differences by category: a = p < 0.05; b = p < 0.01; c = p < 0.001.