Table 1.
Characteristics of the participants by childhood mental health (n = 1140).
| Variable | Suicidality in Childhood | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | No (n = 1071) | Yes (n = 69) | p-Value | |||||
| n | % or Mean (SD) | n | % | n | % | |||
| Basic demographics | ||||||||
| Age (years) | 1140 | 74.7 (7.1) | 1071 | 74.7 (7.0) | 69 | 74.4 (7.4) | 0.67 | |
| Sex | Male | 531 | 46.6 | 504 | 47.1 | 27 | 39.1 | 0.2 |
| Female | 609 | 53.4 | 567 | 52.9 | 42 | 60.9 | ||
| Personality attribute | ||||||||
| Neuroticism (total no: 1–7) | 1085 | 3.7 (1.1) | 1017 | 3.7 (1.1) | 68 | 3.8 (1.1) | 0.36 | |
| Extraversion (total no: 1–7) | 1084 | 4.1 (1.2) | 1017 | 4.1 (1.2) | 67 | 4.1 (1.0) | 0.96 | |
| Openness (total no: 1–7) | 1084 | 3.9 (1.1) | 1022 | 3.9 (1.1) | 62 | 3.9 (1.2) | 0.91 | |
| Agreeableness (total no: 1–7) | 1073 | 5.2 (1.0) | 1006 | 5.2 (1.0) | 67 | 5.4 (1.1) | 0.26 | |
| Conscientiousness (total no: 1–7) | 1067 | 4.6 (1.1) | 1001 | 4.6 (1.1) | 66 | 4.5 (1.3) | 0.4 | |
| Childhood adversities | ||||||||
| Parental divorce (yes) | 12 | 1.1 | 9 | 0.8 | 3 | 4.3 | 0.006 | |
| Parental psychopathology (yes) | 10 | 0.9 | 6 | 0.6 | 4 | 5.8 | <0.001 | |
| Parental domestic violence (yes) | 47 | 4.1 | 35 | 3.3 | 12 | 17.4 | <0.001 | |
| Physical abuse (yes) | 17 | 1.5 | 14 | 1.3 | 3 | 4.3 | 0.043 | |
| Neglect (yes) | 170 | 14.9 | 151 | 14.1 | 19 | 27.5 | 0.002 | |
| Emotional abuse (yes) | 63 | 5.5 | 49 | 4.6 | 14 | 20.3 | <0.001 | |
| Economic difficulties (yes) | 519 | 45.5 | 469 | 43.8 | 50 | 72.5 | <0.001 | |
| Total ACE score | 0 | 449 | 39.4 | 440 | 41.1 | 9 | 13 | <0.001 |
| 1 | 440 | 38.6 | 413 | 38.6 | 27 | 39.1 | ||
| 2+ | 251 | 22 | 218 | 20.4 | 33 | 47.8 | ||
| Adulthood Socio-Economic Status (SES) | ||||||||
| Formal education | <9 years | 331 | 29 | 308 | 28.8 | 23 | 33.3 | 0.73 |
| 9–12 years | 551 | 48.3 | 518 | 48.4 | 33 | 47.8 | ||
| 13 years+ | 250 | 21.9 | 237 | 22.1 | 13 | 18.8 | ||
| Other/Missing | 8 | 0.7 | 8 | 0.7 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Annual household income | <2.00 | 244 | 21.4 | 228 | 21.3 | 16 | 23.2 | 0.085 |
| (million yen) | 2.00–4.99 | 529 | 46.4 | 500 | 46.7 | 29 | 42 | |
| 5.00–8.99 | 150 | 13.2 | 134 | 12.5 | 16 | 23.2 | ||
| 9.00+ | 48 | 4.2 | 46 | 4.3 | 2 | 2.9 | ||
| Missing | 169 | 14.8 | 163 | 15.2 | 6 | 8.7 | ||
| Total score of recent life event stressors | 1097 | 57.5(61.1) | 1032 | 56.7 −61 |
65 | 70.4 −60.2 |
0.079 | |
| Current health status and social relationships | ||||||||
| Total no of medical conditions (0–21) | 1140 | 1.66 (1.23) | 1071 | 1.64 (1.20) | 69 | 199 (1.59) | 0.022 | |
| Marital status | Not married | 342 | 30 | 320 | 29.9 | 22 | 31.9 | 0.94 |
| Married | 766 | 67.2 | 721 | 67.3 | 45 | 65.2 | ||
| Missing | 32 | 2.8 | 30 | 2.8 | 2 | 2.9 | ||
| Living arrangement | Alone | 1016 | 89.1 | 954 | 89.1 | 62 | 89.9 | 0.84 |
| With someone | 124 | 10.9 | 117 | 10.9 | 7 | 10.1 | ||
| Employment status | No | 711 | 62.4 | 667 | 62.3 | 44 | 63.8 | 0.88 |
| Yes | 325 | 28.5 | 307 | 28.7 | 18 | 26.1 | ||
| Missing | 104 | 9.1 | 97 | 9.1 | 7 | 10.1 | ||
| Giving support | No | 271 | 23.8 | 256 | 23.9 | 15 | 21.7 | 0.68 |
| Yes | 869 | 76.2 | 815 | 76.1 | 54 | 78.3 | ||
| Receiving support | No | 300 | 26.3 | 284 | 26.5 | 16 | 23.2 | 0.54 |
| Yes | 840 | 73.7 | 787 | 73.5 | 53 | 76.8 | ||
| Help-seeking attitude | Passive | 435 | 38.2 | 411 | 38.4 | 24 | 34.8 | 0.62 |
| Neutral | 386 | 33.9 | 358 | 33.4 | 28 | 40.6 | ||
| Active | 244 | 21.4 | 230 | 21.5 | 14 | 20.3 | ||
| Missing | 75 | 6.6 | 72 | 6.7 | 3 | 4.3 | ||