Table 1.
Household survey respondents’ characteristics, water sources and microbial quality.
| Variables | Surkhet (%) | Accham (%) | Dailekh (%) | Kailali (%) | Jajarkot (%) | Total (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of household survey respondents | 93 (18) | 103 (20) | 113 (22) | 129 (25) | 74 (14) | 512 (100) |
| Education (total: 512 respondents) | ||||||
| No education | 41 (8) | 60 (12) | 67 (13) | 44 (9) | 43 (8) | 255 (50) |
| Primary | 24 (5) | 22 ( 4) | 21 (4) | 40 (10) | 12 (2) | 119 (23) |
| Secondary | 22 (4) | 16 (3) | 15 (3) | 29 (6) | 9 (2) | 91 (18) |
| College or higher | 6 (1) | 5 (1) | 10 (4) | 16 (3) | 10 (2) | 47 (9) |
| Primary water sources (512 respondents) | ||||||
| Tap water (either in own house or community tap) | 57 (11) | 98 (19) | 89 (17) | 0 (0) | 60 (12) | 304 (59) |
| Tube well | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 127 | 0 (0) | 127 (25) |
| Rain-water harvesting | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 10 (2) | 1 (0) | 1 (0) | 12 (2) |
| Surface water (e.g., open source, river) | 36 (7) | 5 (1) | 14 (3) | 1 (0) | 13 (3) | 69 (13) |
| Ever received promotional material on household water treatment (HWT, 512 respondents) | ||||||
| Yes | 71 (14) | 56 (11) | 65 (13) | 79 (15) | 32 (6) | 303 (59) |
| Presence of children under 5 years old (512 respondents) | ||||||
| Yes | 38 (7) | 58 (11) | 63 (12) | 61 (12) | 45 (9) | 265 (52) |
| Use HWT (451 respondents) | ||||||
| Yes | 44 (10) | 19 (4) | 18 (4) | 8 (2) | 10 (2) | 99 (22) |
| Total number of stored-water samples | 90 (18) | 101 (20) | 112 (22) | 129 (25) | 74 (15) | 506 (100) |
| Mean log10 E. coli colony-forming units (CFU)/100 mL (SD) | 1.14 (0.83) | 1.12 (0.89) | 1.23 (0.80) | 1.27 (0.82 | 0.94 (0.83) | 1.16 (0.84) |
| Total number of POC samples | 8 (5) | 25 (15) | 24 (14) | 65 (39) | 45 (27) | 167 (100) |
| Mean log10 E. coli CFU/100 mL (SD) | 0.70 (0.97) | 0.93 (0.84) | 0.58 (0.92) | 0.44 (0.73) | 0.52 (0.97) | 0.57 (0.86) |