PD-1 Blockade Enhances the Immune Response of Melanoma-Bearing Mice to IAV Infection
C57BL/6 mice were i.v. injected with B16-F10 cells to establish pulmonary metastases and infected with IAV with following subjection to an immune checkpoint inhibitor according to the schedule shown in Figure 5B. At day 12 post-infection, the lung immune status was analyzed by flow cytometry of BALF containing cells. (A and left images of B–F) Absolute numbers of (A) total leucocytes (CD45.2+) as well as total numbers of macrophages (F4/80+), neutrophils (CD11b+CD11c−Ly-6G+), T cells (CD3+), (B) alveolar macrophages (CD11c+CD11b−Siglec-F+), (C) peripheral macrophages (CD11b+CD11c−F4/80+), (D) NK cells (CD3−CD49b+), (E) T helper cells (CD3+CD4+), and (F) T killer cells (CD3+CD8+) among CD45.2+ cells in BALFs. (B–F, right images) Immune cells expressing specific markers are shown as percentages of the respective cell types. Values of individual animals and mean values (columns) per group are shown. ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01 (Mann-Whitney U test).