Table 3.
Percentages of the most abundant taxa (mean ± SEM) found in all dietary groups
| Phylum | Ctrl | FPH | AY | p-value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Firmicutes | 58.6 | ± | 2.9 | 54.6 | ± | 4.3 | 41.5 | ± | 2.9 | |
| Proteobacteria | 39.7 | ± | 3.1 | 41.5 | ± | 4.5 | 49.4 | ± | 2.9 | |
| Spirochaetes | 1.1 | ± | 1.1 | 3.3 | ± | 2.8 | 2.5 | ± | 1.2 | |
| Class | ||||||||||
| Bacilli | 73.5 | ± | 3.9 | 66.2 | ± | 6.2 | 72.2 | ± | 3.9 | |
| Clostridia | 1.0 | ± | 0.2 | 2.1 | ± | 0.6 | 2.5 | ± | 0.7 | |
| Alphaproteobacteria | 1.2 | ± | 0.3b | 3.6 | ± | 1.8b | 1.8 | ± | 0.6a | * |
| Gammaproteobacteria | 21.9 | ± | 4.1 | 23.3 | ± | 6.0 | 17.1 | ± | 4.5 | |
| Brevinematae | 1.5 | ± | 1.4 | 3.8 | ± | 3.3 | 4.0 | ± | 1.8 | |
| Order | ||||||||||
| Bacillales | 1.9 | ± | 0.2b | 2.3 | ± | 0.4ab | 3.7 | ± | 0.5a | ** |
| Lactobacillales | 71.5 | ± | 3.9 | 63.9 | ± | 6.1 | 68.4 | ± | 3.6 | |
| Clostridiales | < 1.0b | 2.0 | ± | 0.6ab | 2.5 | ± | 0.6a | * | ||
| Rhodobacterales | < 1.0 | 3.3 | ± | 1.7 | 1.3 | ± | 0.6 | |||
| Alteromonadales | 2.0 | ± | 0.5a | < 1.0b | 1.1 | ± | 0.2a | *** | ||
| nterobacteriales | 0.6 | ± | 0.2ab | < 1.0b | 1.1 | ± | 0.2a | *** | ||
| Pseudomonadales | 0.8 | ± | 0.2 | 1.0 | ± | 0.2 | 1.0 | ± | 0.2 | |
| Vibrionales | 18.2 | ± | 4.1 | 21.9 | ± | 6.1 | 13.6 | ± | 4.6 | |
| Brevinematales | 1.4 | ± | 1.4 | 3.8 | ± | 3.2 | 3.9 | ± | 1.2 | |
| Family | ||||||||||
| Prevotellaceae | < 0.5b | n.d. | 0.8 | ± | 0.3a | *** | ||||
| Bacillaceae | 1.1 | ± | 0.2b | 1.2 | ± | 0.4b | 2.8 | ± | 0.5a | ** |
| Lactobacillales | 70.9 | ± | 3.9 | 63.6 | ± | 6.1 | 67.8 | ± | 3.7 | |
| Clostridiaceae | 0.5 | ± | 0.0 | 1.6 | ± | 0.6 | 1.0 | ± | 0.5 | |
| Veillonellaceae | n.d. | n.d. | 1.2 | ± | 0.2 | *** | ||||
| Rhodobacteriaceae | 0.7 | ± | 0.3 | 3.30 | ± | 1.8 | 1.3 | ± | 0.6 | |
| Shewanellaceae | 2.0 | ± | 0.5a | < 1.0b | 1.1 | ± | 0.2a | *** | ||
| Enterobacteriaceae | 0.6 | ± | 0.2ab | < 1.0b | 1.1 | ± | 0.2a | *** | ||
| Pseudomonadaceae | 0.7 | ± | 0.1 | 1.0 | ± | 0.2 | 1.0 | ± | 0.2 | |
| Pseudoalteromonadaceae | 1.0 | ± | 0.2a | 1.1 | ± | 1.0b | < 0.5b | ** | ||
| Vibrionaceae | 17.2 | ± | 4.1 | 20.8 | ± | 5.9 | 13.5 | ± | 4.6 | |
| Brevinemataceaeae | 1.4 | ± | 1.4 | 3.8 | ± | 3.2 | 4.0 | ± | 1.8 | |
| Genus | ||||||||||
| Prevotella | n.d. | n.d. | 0.8 | ± | 0.3 | *** | ||||
| Bacillus | 0.9 | ± | 0.2b | 1.5 | ± | 0.4b | 2.3 | ± | 0.6a | ** |
| Staphylococcus | < 0.5 | 0.8 | ± | 0.1 | 0.8 | ± | 0.2 | |||
| Lactobacillus | 70.9 | ± | 3.9 | 63.6 | ± | 6.1 | 67.8 | ± | 3.7 | |
| Clostridium | < 0.5 | 1.3 | ± | 0.6 | 0.8 | ± | 0.5 | |||
| Megasphaera | n.d. | n.d. | 1.2 | ± | 0.3a | *** | ||||
| Comamonas | < 0.5 | < 0.5 | 0.6 | ± | 0.2 | |||||
| Shewanella | 2.0 | ± | 0.5a | < 0.5b | 1.1 | ± | 0.3a | *** | ||
| Erwinia | < 0.5ab | < 0.5b | 0.6 | ± | 0.2a | ** | ||||
| Pseudomonas | 0.7 | ± | 0.1 | 0.9 | ± | 0.3 | 1.0 | ± | 0.3 | |
| Pseudoalteromonas | 0.9 | ± | 0.2a | < 0.5b | < 0.5b | *** | ||||
| Photobacterium | 12.4 | ± | 4.2 | 20.2 | ± | 5.8 | 10.9 | ± | 4.4 | |
| Vibrio | 4.7 | ± | 1.3a | 0.5 | ± | 0.2b | 2.5 | ± | 0.7a | *** |
“n.d.” means not detected. Statistical significance: (*) p < 0.05; (**) p < 0.01; (***) p < 0.001
Different superscript letters indicate statistically significant differences (Dunn’s post hoc test, p < 0.05)