Table 1.
Baseline descriptive statistics of included participants (N = 364)
| Alive (N = 273) | Dead (N = 91) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | N | Frequency | N | Frequency | P value |
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 209 | 76.6% | 75 | 82.4% | 0.242 |
| Female | 64 | 23.4% | 16 | 17.6% | |
| Age at enrolment | |||||
| < 44 | 20 | 7.3% | 3 | 3.3% | 0.016 |
| 45 to 54 | 83 | 30.4% | 22 | 24.2% | |
| 55 to 64 | 113 | 41.4% | 34 | 37.4% | |
| 65 to 74 | 48 | 17.6% | 22 | 24.2% | |
| 75 + | 9 | 3.3% | 10 | 11.0% | |
| TNM stage | |||||
| Low (I–II) | 39 | 14.3% | 8 | 8.8% | 0.176 |
| High (III–IV) | 234 | 85.7% | 83 | 91.2% | |
| HPV status | |||||
| Negative | 61 | 22.3% | 48 | 52.7% | < 0.001 |
| Positive | 212 | 77.7% | 43 | 47.3% | |
| BMI group | |||||
| Not overweight | 73 | 38.0% | 31 | 55.4% | 0.021 |
| Overweight or obese | 119 | 62.0% | 25 | 44.6% | |
| Comorbiditya | |||||
| None | 164 | 60.1% | 34 | 37.4% | < 0.001 |
| Mild | 73 | 26.7% | 29 | 31.9% | |
| Moderate/severe | 36 | 13.2% | 28 | 30.8% | |
| Education level | |||||
| School education | 116 | 42.5% | 45 | 49.5% | 0.470 |
| College | 111 | 40.7% | 34 | 37.4% | |
| Degree | 46 | 16.8% | 12 | 13.2% | |
| Self-reported smoking status | |||||
| Never | 96 | 35.2% | 11 | 12.1% | < 0.001 |
| Former | 140 | 51.3% | 49 | 53.8% | |
| Current | 37 | 13.6% | 31 | 34.1% | |
| Self-reported alcohol intake | |||||
| Non-drinker | 75 | 27.5% | 22 | 24.2% | 0.119 |
| Moderate | 68 | 24.9% | 15 | 16.5% | |
| Hazardous-harmful | 130 | 47.6% | 54 | 59.3% | |
BMI body mass index, HPV human papillomavirus, N number.aComorbidity was defined using the Adult Comorbidity Evaluation-27 (ACE-27) index [37]. For the purposes of analysis, moderate and severe comorbidity groups were combined