Table 3.

Effect of spices supplemented diet on serum triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), glucose, insulin, serum liver enzyme and antioxidant status in normal, hypercholestrolemic and hyperglycemic rats at the termination of the study

Cholesterol mg/dL)	77.80 ± 3.56	T0	81 ± 4.5	155 ± 11.2a	101 ± 7.1a
		T1	79.37 ± 4.3	142.37 ± 9.5bc	93.92 ± 5.2bc
		T2	78.21 ± 4.2	136.48 ± 6.5d	90.89 ± 4.2d
		T3	79.80 ± 3.3	145.20 ± 6.2b	95.82 ± 3.2b
		T4	78.56 ± 3.2	138.80 ± 7.5 cd	92.50 ± 3.9 cd
HDL (mg/dL)	32.56 ± 3.56	T0	39.85 ± 1.25	59.23 ± 2.51b	38.77 ± 1.23b
		T1	39.98 ± 1.12	61.65 ± 3.22a	39.94 ± 1.56a
		T2	40.24 ± 1.62	61.87 ± 2.61a	40.15 ± 1.99a
		T3	39.93 ± 0.05	61.59 ± 1.92a	39.91 ± 0.07a
		T4	40.08 ± 1.05	61.71 ± 1.62a	40.02 ± 0.99a
LDL-C (mg/dL)	26.56 ± 3.56	T0	28.09 ± 0.56	62.53 ± 1.22a	46.53 ± 0.99a
		T1	27.11 ± 0.98	57.81 ± 1.01b	41.87 ± 1.55c
		T2	26.63 ± 0.12	54.88 ± 0.52c	40.94 ± 1.99c
		T3	27.33 ± 0.23	60.50 ± 2.25a	43.03 ± 1.23b
		T4	26.83 ± 0.55	55.94 ± 0.09c	41.41 ± 1.22c
Triglyceride(mg/dL)	58.26 ± 3.56	T0	67.37 ± 3.23	99.23 ± 4.52a	77.46 ± 2.92a
		T1	66.01 ± 2.52	92.76 ± 3.63b	74.09 ± 3.35b
		T2	65.05 ± 2.25	91.75 ± 2.26b	73.34 ± 1.77b
		T3	66.38 ± 1.55	92.96 ± 4.55b	74.86 ± 3.36ab
		T4	65.34 ± 2.22	92.27 ± 4.29b	73.58 ± 3.79b
Glucose (mg/dL)	79.63 ± 3.72	T0 (control)	86.53 ± 3.32	101.23 ± 4.55a	137.53 ± 6.52a
		T1	84.79 ± 4.12	94.13 ± 3.45bc	126.32 ± 5.45b
		T2	83.93 ± 2.29	92.72 ± 3.99 cd	125.14 ± 4.55bc
		T3	85.25 ± 1.22	96.05 ± 3.69b	127.47 ± 5.21b
		T4	83.54 ± 1.32	91.09 ± 4.5d	122.97 ± 6.01c
Insulin (μU/Ml)	6.23 ± 0.56	T0 (control)	8.23 ± 0.5	8.95 ± 0.3a	12.56 ± 0.7b
		T1	8.26 ± 0.4	9.06 ± 0.5a	12.94 ± 0.9a
		T2	8.28 ± 0.4	9.15 ± 0.4a	12.97 ± 0.7a
		T3	8.25 ± 0.1	9.04 ± 0.4a	12.93 ± 0.5a
		T4	8.31 ± 0.2	9.23 ± 0.3a	13.09 ± 0.6a
AST(IU/L)	101.25 ± 2.36	T0 (control)	108.51 ± 4.36	138.56 ± 6.29a	119.47 ± 4.99a
		T1	106.51 ± 4.36	133.07 ± 5.69ab	114.43 ± 5.56b
		T2	105.85 ± 4.26	132.24 ± 5.57	113.54 ± 5.41b
		T3	106.94 ± 4.22	133.72 ± 5.49ab	114.82 ± 5.62ab
		T4	105.04 ± 4.29	130.89 ± 6.99b	112.79 ± 5.81b
ALT(IU/L)	40.12 ± 1.01	T0 (control)	51.52 ± 2.29	59.38 ± 1.29a	47.26 ± 5.22a
		T1	50.23 ± 3.26	56.42 ± 3.39b	44.89 ± 5.56b
		T2	49.97 ± 3.26	56.27 ± 1.57b	44.66 ± 5.41b
		T3	50.48 ± 4.22	56.58 ± 4.49b	45.00 ± 5.62b
		T4	49.86 ± 2.29	56.06 ± 3.99b	44.52 ± 6.01b
ALP(IU/L)	130.24 ± 2.01	T0 (control)	156.52 ± 5.22	237.14 ± 9.27a	223.42 ± 9.56a
		T1	152.48 ± 4.79	208.70 ± 8.23bc	192.16 ± 7.12bc
		T2	149.49 ± 4.21	206.26 ± 8.01c	188.88 ± 6.36 cd
		T3	153.42 ± 4.12	213.38 ± 8.56b	196.86 ± 6.99b
		T4	147.09 ± 3.99	197.96 ± 6.69d	184.23 ± 6.01d
Glutathione(mg/L)	55.12 ± 1.01	T0 (control)	49.62 ± 2.29c	39.29 ± 1.29d	41.23 ± 1.22d
		T1	51.86 ± 2.56b	44.00 ± 1.39bc	46.82 ± 1.56bc
		T2	52.0 ± 2.26a	44.62 ± 1.57ab	47.82 ± 1.41ab
		T3	51.55 ± 2.22b	43.08 ± 2.49c	45.93 ± 1.62c
		T4	52.38 ± 2.29a	45.19 ± 2.45a	48.33 ± 1.01a
Total antioxidant activity (mmol Trolox equivalent/L)	0.3 ± 0.001	T0 (control)	0.20 ± 0.001c	0.30 ± 0.01d	0.35 ± 0.01d
		T1	0.2.5 ± 0.02b	0.51 ± 0.21bc	0.48 ± 0.02bc
		T2	0.2.75 ± 0.016a	0.55 ± 0.01ab	0.59 ± 0.05ab
		T3	0.2.43 ± 0.03b	0.41 ± 0.02c	0.45 ± 0.04c
		T4	0.30 ± 0.005a	0.63 ± 0.01a	0.61 ± 0.02a

Values are mean ± SEM (n = 10)

One way anova was applied to check the overall behavior of the study parameter to elaborate the effect of treatments on selected parameter of rats at the termination of study. To evaluate the differences among the mean LSD test was applied. Values in same column within each parameter with different letters were significantly different from each other (p ≤ 0. 05)

Study I: Normal rats

Study II: Hypercholesterolemic rats

Study III: Hyperglycemic rats

T₀: Control (without active ingredients) T₁: Containing Coriander seeds

T₂: Containing Black seeds T₃: Containing Fenugreek seeds

T₄: Containing Coriander seeds+ Black seeds+ Fenugreek seeds