Table 1. G. duodenalis infections and sociodemographic characteristics in children attending a daycare center in Southeastern Brazil.
| Variable1 | Giardia infection2 | P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes N (%) |
No N (%) |
Total N |
|||
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 33 (61.1) | 30 (58.8) | 63 | 0.84 | |
| Female | 21 (38.9) | 21 (41.2) | 42 | ||
| Age group (years) | |||||
| <1 | 05 (9.2) | 0 | 05 | 0.001 | |
| 1-4 | 33 (61.2) | 16 (31.4) | 49 | ||
| >4 | 16 (29.6) | 35 (68.6) | 51 | ||
| Source of drinking water | |||||
| Treated | 47 (95.9) | 46 (97.9) | 93 | 1.00 | |
| Untreated | 02 (4.1) | 01 (2.13) | 03 | ||
| Drinking water consumption | |||||
| Filtered or boiled | 18 (36.7) | 09 (19.1) | 27 | 0.09 | |
| Directly from the tap | 31 (63.3) | 38 (80.9) | 69 | ||
| Sewerage system | |||||
| Yes | 47 (95.9) | 46 (97.9) | 93 | 1.00 | |
| No | 02 (4.1) | 01 (2.1) | 03 | ||
| Toilet at home | |||||
| Yes | 48 (97.9) | 46 (97.9) | 94 | 1.00 | |
| No | 01 (2.1) | 1 (2.1) | 02 | ||
| Animals at home 3 | |||||
| Yes | 36 (73.5) | 34 (72.3) | 70 | 0.94 | |
| No | 13 (26.5) | 13 (27.7) | 26 | ||
| Presence of dogs at home | |||||
| Yes | 31 (63.3) | 26 (55.3) | 57 | 0.42 | |
| No | 18 (36.7) | 21 (44.7) | 39 | ||
| Parents/guardians' education (years) | |||||
| 1-4 | 02 (4.1) | 04 (8.5) | 06 | 1.00 | |
| 5-8 | 14 (28.5) | 14 (29.8) | 28 | ||
| 9-11 | 29 (59.2) | 27 (57.4) | 56 | ||
| >11 | 04 (8.2) | 02 (4.3) | 06 | ||
| Family income 4 | |||||
| <0.5 MW | 05 (10.2) | 06 (12.7) | 11 | 0.93 | |
| 0.5-1.1 MW | 13 (26.5) | 13(27.7) | 26 | ||
| 1.2-1.6 MW | 11 (22.5) | 13 (27.7) | 24 | ||
| >1.6 MW | 20 (40.8) | 15 (31.9) | 35 | ||
| Family size (members) | |||||
| 2-3 | 13 (26.5) | 14 (29.8) | 27 | 0.99 | |
| 3-6 | 30 (61.2) | 30 (63.8) | 60 | ||
| >6 | 06 (12.3) | 03 (6.4) | 09 | ||
1
The s ample size was 96 children for all of the variables, excepting for gender and age (n=105).
2
Giardia detection by microscopy and/or PCR/sequencing.
3
Companion animals were dogs, cats, chickens and pigs.
4
MW=Minimum Wage/month (at the time of the study, the MWwas 937 BRL; i.e., approximately US$ 293).