Table 1. Full time course of side effects evaluated after an intravenous administration of vehicle, morphine or recombinant Phα1β in the activity box.
| Time (h) | Adverse effect | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Activity (cpm) | Blood pressure (mmHg) | Heart rate (bpm) | |||||||
| Vehicle | Morphine | Toxin | Vehicle | Morphine | Toxin | Vehicle | Morphine | Toxin | |
| Basal | 5.3 ± 1.0 | 5.4 ± 1.7 | 6.3 ± 1.5 | 110.0 ± 5.7 | 97.4 ± 3.8 | 87.0 ± 1.0 | 443.1 ± 25.9 | 483.6 ± 27.2 | 442.5 ± 25.4 |
| 2 | 4.7 ± 1.5 | 26.2 ± 6.7* | 7.2 ± 2.6 | 101.7 ± 5.8 | 100.5 ± 5.9 | 98.2 ± 4.1 | 440.0 ± 10.0 | 292.8 ± 12.7* | 512.8 ± 39.0 |
| 4 | 3.8 ± 0.8 | 22.4 ± 4.2* | 6.4 ± 1.8 | 94.0 ± 5.3 | 115.7 ± 5.1* | 91.9 ± 3.1 | 433.6 ± 23.6 | 331.6 ± 15.6* | 491.1 ± 37.9 |
| 6 | 16.5 ± 5.6 | 7.9 ± 2.4 | 16.1 ± 3.3 | 106.2 ± 8.5 | 107.9 ± 3.0 | 96.9 ± 4.7 | 459.7 ± 18.7 | 547.5 ± 18.5 | 528.3 ± 41.9 |
| 8 | 18.3 ± 6.5 | 3.8 ± 1.1 | 16.6 ± 4.8 | 111.8 ± 4.3 | 102.9 ± 3.0 | 102.0 ± 2.1 | 540.4 ± 23.3 | 505.9 ± 11.6 | 568.5 ± 24.0 |
| 10 | 17.5 ± 9.8 | 3.9 ± 1.1 | 14.7 ± 4.7 | 105.3 ± 6.1 | 100.0 ± 4.0 | 105.3 ± 3.3 | 492.4 ± 19.8 | 475.2 ± 10.9 | 580.5 ± 36.9 |
| 12 | 11.0 ± 2.0 | 4.7 ± 1.1 | 5.0 ± 0.5 | 107.3 ± 4.5 | 100.6 ± 5.9 | 94.0 ± 2.4 | 501.0 ± 32.6 | 467.4 ± 19.5 | 470.9 ± 23.5 |
| 14 | 3.0 ± 1.6 | 4.3 ± 0.5 | 4.7 ± 1.2 | 96.0 ± 5.3 | 93.5 ± 4.0 | 92.0 ± 2.1 | 438.2 ± 28.1 | 420.7 ± 16.9 | 460.8 ± 18.5 |
| 16 | 2.7 ± 0.6 | 4.0 ± 1.4 | 4.3 ± 2.6 | 100.8 ± 8.9 | 95.4 ± 3.7 | 87.6 ± 1.5 | 456.6 ± 36.0 | 407.7 ± 19.9 | 425.9 ± 26.4 |
| 18 | 4.0 ± 1.5 | 1.5 ± 1.3 | 2.8 ± 0.4 | 95.3 ± 6.4 | 89.2 ± 2.3 | 86.7 ± 2.6 | 405.6 ± 24.1 | 371.2 ± 12.3 | 417.4 ± 32.2 |
| 20 | 2.9 ± 0.5 | 3.7 ± 2.9 | 4.3 ± 1.2 | 91.7 ± 3.6 | 96.4 ± 5.2 | 97.2 ±5.4 | 432.8 ± 15.2 | 381.9 ± 22.2 | 499.8 ± 53.2 |
| 22 | 3.0 ± 0.7 | 8.7 ± 1.8 | 5.2 ± 1.6 | 92.4 ± 3.1 | 102.0 ± 3.6 | 90.7 ± 3.1 | 416.5 ± 11.1 | 482.8 ± 32.2 | 448.7 ± 30.4 |
| 24 | 2.9 ± 0.7 | 4.7 ± 1.8 | 4.6 ± 1.7 | 92.4 ± 2.9 | 97.8 ± 1.9 | 89.5 ± 2.8 | 416.7 ± 20.4 | 434.9 ± 24.8 | 446.4 ± 33.8 |
*p < 0.05 represents statically significant differences between groups treated with vehicle, morphine (20 mg/kg i.v.) or recombinant Phα1β (0.2 mg/kg i.v.), according two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Bonferroni’s post-test. (h = hour; cpm = counts per minute; bpm = beats per minute; N.D. = not detected) (4 groups of 8 Balb-C mice - total 32 mice).