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. 2020 Apr 23;87:84–92. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.055

Table 1.

The IES-R, DASS-21 and ISI scores of study respondents after they were approved to return to work.

All respondents (n=673) Workers and Technical staff (n= 551) Management and executive staff (n = 122) P-value
Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R)
Mean IES-R score (SD) 9.8 (11.0) 9.60 (10.99) 10.58(10.93) p = 0.374
Presence of PTSD symptoms
 No PTSD like symptoms (17 or below) 547 (81.3%) 451 (81.9%) 96 (78.7%) p=0.477
 Presence of PTSD like symptoms (18 - 23) 53 (7.9%) 44 (8.0%) 9 (7.4%)
 Diagnosis of PTSD (24 or above) 73 (10.8%) 56 (10.2%) 17 (13.9%)



Depression, Anxiety, Stress and Stress Scale – 21 (DASS - 21)
Mean DASS-21 Anxiety score (SD) 1.6 (3.7) 1.62 (3.89) 1.51 (2.91) p = 0.760
DASS-21 (Anxiety)
 No (0-7) 632 (93.9%) 519 (94.2%) 113 (92.6% P=0.378
 Mild (8-9) 15 (2.2%) 11 (2.0%) 4 (3.3%)
 Moderate (10-14) 17 (2.5%) 12 (2.2%) 5 (4.1%)
 Severe (15-19) 4 (0.6%) 4 (0.7%) 0 (0.0%)
 Extremely Severe (20+) 5 (0.7%) 5 (0.9%) 0 (0.0%)
Mean DASS-21 Depression score (SD) 2.1 (4.5) 2.59 (4.86) 2.57 (4.71) p=0.977



DASS-21 (Depression)
 No (0-9) 633 (94.1%) 522 (94.7%) 111 (91.0%) p=0.127
 Mild (10-13) 15 (2.2%) 9 (1.6%) 6 (4.9%)
 Moderate (14-20) 19 (2.8%) 14 (2.5%) 5 (4.1%)
 Severe (21-27) 2 (0.3%) 2 (0.4%) 0 (0.0%)
 Extremely Severe (28+) 4 (0.6%) 4 (0.7%) 0 (0.0%)
Mean DASS-21 Stress score (SD) 2.6 (4.8) 1.11 (0.51) 1.13 (0.44) p = 0.440



DASS-21 (Stress)
 No (0-14) 651 (96.7%) 533 (96.7%) 118(96.7%) P=0.865
 Mild (15-18) 12 (1.8%) 9 (1.6%) 3 (2.5%)
 Moderate (19-25) 6 (0.9%) 5 (0.9%) 1 (0.8%)
 Severe (26-33) 2 (0.3%) 2 (0.4%) 0 (0.0%)
 Extremely Severe (34+) 2 (0.3%) 2 (0.4%) 0 (0.0%)



Insomnia Severity Index (ISI)
Mean ISI score (SD) 3.3 (4.4) 3.74 (4.37) 4.07 (4.41) p=0.440
 No clinically significant insomnia (0-7) 570 (84.7%) 473 (86.5%) 97 (80.2%) p=0.217
 Subthreshold insomnia (8-14) 82 (12.2%) 61 (11.2%) 21 (17.4%)
 Moderately severe clinical insomnia (15-21) 13 (1.9%) 10 (1.8%) 3 (2.5%)
 Severe clinical insomnia (22-28)  3 (0.4%) 3 (0.5%) 0 (0.0%)