TABLE 1.
Effect of levonadifloxacin and levofloxacin on proinflammatory cytokine release in LPS-stimulated HWB samples
| Treatment | Release (pg/ml) of cytokinesa
: |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL-6b | TNF-αb | IL-1βb | GM-CSFc | |
| Vehicle control, LPS + dextrose | 11,170.5 ± 1,773.1 | 4,371.6 ± 743.0 | 4,414.8 ± 892.6 | 15.4 ± 4.0 |
| Levofloxacin 25 μg/ml | 9,093.7 ± 1,684.6** | 3,393.7 ± 659.7*** | 1,964.5 ± 506.1** | 11.7 ± 3.7 |
| Levofloxacin 100 μg/ml | 5,209.5 ± 1,236.7*** | 1,986.9 ± 456.0** | 214.3 ± 90.9** | 4.5 ± 1.3* |
| Vehicle control, LPS + 1% arginine | 10,446.9 ± 1,657.8 | 4,402.6 ± 743.7 | 4,182.0 ± 815.9 | 14.4 ± 3.8 |
| Levonadifloxacin 15 μg/ml | 8,430.3 ± 1,746.7*** | 3,146.9 ± 686.2** | 2,615.2 ± 567.3** | 10.8 ± 2.5 |
| Levonadifloxacin 30 μg/ml | 5,714.7 ± 1,415.4*** | 2,183.8 ± 465.4** | 1,438.9 ± 392.7** | 9.2 ± 2.3* |
a
Values are means ± SEM; n = 5. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001, versus respective control calculated by paired t test.
b
LPS 10 ng/ml was used to estimate cytokine level.
c
LPS 50 ng/ml was used to estimate cytokine level.