TABLE 2.
Factor Loading of Items on the Self-Care of Heart Failure Index v7.2
| Self-Care Maintenance Scale | Factor Loadings | Factor Loadings (Simultaneous Analysis) | Item Mean | Skewness | Kurtosis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Listed below are behaviors that people with heart failure use to help themselves. How often or routinely do you do the following? | |||||
| Consulting behaviors (7 items) | |||||
| 1. Try to avoid getting sick (e.g., wash your hands) | 0.357 | 0.386 | 4.55 | −2.218 | 4.778 |
| 2. Get some exercise (e.g., take a brisk walk, use the stairs) | 0.228 | 0.276 | 3.27 | −0.167 | −1.112 |
| 4. See your healthcare provider for routine healthcare | 0.538 | 0.538 | 4.35 | −1.641 | 1.715 |
| 5. Take prescribed medicines without missing a dose | 0.531 | 0.479 | 4.59 | −2.325 | 5.689 |
| 7. Make sure to get a flu shot annually | 0.315 | 0.309 | 3.23 | −0.251 | −1.417 |
| 9. Use a system or method to help you remember to take your medicines | 0.488 | 0.447 | 2.88 | 0.105 | −1.608 |
| 10. Ask your healthcare provider about your medicines | 0.556 | 0.590 | 4.08 | −1.312 | 0.032 |
| Dietary behaviors (3 items) | |||||
| 3. Eat a low salt diet | 0.651 | 0.652 | 3.83 | −0.799 | −0.483 |
| 6. Order low salt items when eating out | 0.798 | 0.799 | 4.53 | −2.389 | 4.252 |
| 8. Ask for low salt foods when visiting family and friends | 0.797 | 0.794 | 4.01 | −1.201 | −0.337 |
| Symptom perception | |||||
| Monitoring behaviors (9 items) | |||||
| Listed below are changes that people with heart failure commonly monitor. How often do you do the following? | |||||
| 11. Monitor your weight daily | 0.541 | 0.559 | 3.53 | −0.502 | −1.180 |
| 12. Pay attention to changes in how you feel | 0.621 | 0.617 | 4.28 | −1.335 | 1.280 |
| 13. Look for medication side effects | 0.672 | 0.666 | 3.72 | −0.774 | −0.816 |
| 14. Notice whether you tire more than usual doing normal activities | 0.555 | 0.546 | 4.21 | −1.381 | 1.322 |
| 15. Ask your healthcare provider how you’re doing | 0.550 | 0.581 | 3.89 | −0.978 | −0.347 |
| 16. Monitor closely for symptoms | 0.836 | 0.821 | 3.96 | −1.063 | −0.009 |
| 17. Check your ankles for swelling | 0.552 | 0.540 | 4.13 | −1.363 | 0.454 |
| 18. Check for shortness of breath with activity such as bathing and dressing | 0.586 | 0.573 | 4.23 | −1.520 | 1.145 |
| 19. Keep a record of symptoms | 0.454 | 0.476 | 2.41 | 0.595 | −1.214 |
| Symptom recognition (2 items) | |||||
| The last time you had symptoms. | |||||
| 2. How quickly did you recognize that you had symptoms? | 0.680 | 0.683 | 3.47 | −0.788 | −0.675 |
| 21. How quickly did you know that the symptom was due to heart failure? | 0.763 | 0.760 | 2.70 | −0.175 | −1.582 |
| Self-care management | |||||
| Recommended behaviors (4 items) | |||||
| Listed below are behaviors that people with heart failure use to control their symptoms. When you have symptoms, how likely are you to use one of these? | |||||
| 22. Further limit the salt you eat that day | 0.621 | 0.632 | 3.81 | −0.855 | −0.656 |
| 23. Reduce your fluid intake | 0.711 | 0.701 | 3.32 | −0.327 | −1.293 |
| 24. Take a medicine | 0.389 | 0.366 | 4.03 | −1.210 | −0.060 |
| 25. Call your healthcare provider for guidance Problem-solving behaviors (4 items) | 0.514 | 0.528 | 3.72 | −0.758 | −0.877 |
| 26. Ask a family member or friend for advice | 0.295 | 0.255 | 3.09 | −0.125 | −1.571 |
| 27. Try to figure out why you have symptoms | 0.482 | 0.512 | 4.01 | −1.074 | 0.268 |
| 28. Limit your activity until you feel better | 0.535 | 0.493 | 4.21 | −1.361 | 1.112 |
| 29. Think of a treatment you used the last time you had symptoms. Did the treatment you used make you feel better? | 0.390 | 0.430 | 2.96 | −0.384 | −1.228 |
Results come from Mplus completely standardized solutions. All coefficients are statistically significant (P < .05 or less), except where noted.