Table 3. COG enrollment by disease type (most prevalent in age group), stratified by age, 2004–2015.
| Age | Disease Type | US Estimated by SEER a | COG Observed/ US Estimated = % Enrolled |
COG Expected (E) | COG Observed (O) | COG O/E = SR b (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–9 years | Hematologic malignancies | |||||
| ALL & LyL | 25,154 (30%) | 56.6% | 5,006 | 14,236 | 2.84 (2.80, 2.89) | |
| AML & MDS | 4,142 (5%) | 32.6% | 824 | 1,352 | 1.64 (1.55, 1.73) | |
| Hodgkin lymphoma | 1,240 (1%) | 14.4% | 247 | 178 | 0.72 (0.61, 0.83) | |
| Solid tumors | ||||||
| NBL | 7,796 (9%) | 31.3% | 1,551 | 2,444 | 1.58 (1.51, 1.64) | |
| Renal | 5,971 (7%) | 22.9% | 1,188 | 1,365 | 1.15 (1.09, 1.21) | |
| STS | 5,028 (6%) | 16.6% | 1,001 | 836 | 0.84 (0.78, 0.89) | |
| CNS tumors | ||||||
| EPN/choroid plexus | 1,768 (2%) | 22.2% | 352 | 393 | 1.12 (1.00, 1.23) | |
| Glioma, all c | 11,363 (14%) | 3.1% | 2,261 | 352 | 0.16 (0.14, 0.17) | |
| MBL | 2,727 (3%) | 17.1% | 543 | 466 | 0.86 (0.78, 0.94) | |
| 10–19 years | Hematologic malignancies | |||||
| ALL & LyL | 10,312 (11%) | 48.9% | 2,052 | 5,044 | 2.46 (2.39, 2.53) | |
| AML & MDS | 4,133 (4%) | 29.3% | 822 | 1,210 | 1.47 (1.39, 1.55) | |
| Hodgkin lymphoma | 11,361 (12%) | 13.2% | 2,261 | 1,504 | 0.67 (0.63, 0.70) | |
| Solid tumors | ||||||
| NBL | 599 (<1%) | 17.9% | 119 | 107 | 0.90 (0.73, 1.07) | |
| Bone | 7,209 (8%) | 19.4% | 1,435 | 1,397 | 0.97 (0.92, 1.02) | |
| STS | 7,208 (8%) | 10.8% | 1,434 | 780 | 0.54 (0.51, 0.58) | |
| CNS tumors | ||||||
| EPN/choroid plexus | 861 (1%) | 18.7% | 171 | 161 | 0.94 (0.79, 1.08) | |
| Glioma, all c | 9,425 (10%) | 3.5% | 1,876 | 331 | 0.18 (0.16, 0.19) | |
| MBL | 1,198 (1%) | 25.0% | 238 | 300 | 1.26 (1.12, 1.40) | |
| 20–29 years | Hematologic malignancies | |||||
| ALL & LyL | 4,719 (2%) | 15.1% | 939 | 714 | 0.76 (0.70, 0.82) | |
| AML & MDS | 5,513 (2%) | 3.7% | 1,097 | 204 | 0.19 (0.16, 0.21) | |
| Hodgkin lymphoma | 22,597 (9%) | 1.0% | 4,497 | 236 | 0.05 (0.05, 0.06) | |
| Solid tumors | ||||||
| Bone | 3,905 (2%) | 9.6% | 777 | 375 | 0.48 (0.43, 0.53) | |
| STS | 12,250 (5%) | 1.6% | 2,438 | 199 | 0.08 (0.07, 0.09) | |
| CNS tumors | ||||||
| Glioma, allcb | 10,924 (5%) | 0.4% | 2,174 | 48 | 0.02 (0.02, 0.03) | |
a Percentages do not sum to 100 given inclusion of only most prevalent pediatric/AYA malignancy diagnoses.
b Using total percent enrollment of patients 0 to 19 years old (19.9%).
c A large number of glioma diagnoses did not include grading information in SEER.
Higher enrollment than expected by SEER.
Lower enrollment than expected by SEER.
Abbreviations: SR, Standardized Ratio of Enrollment; CI, Confidence Interval; ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia; LyL, lymphoblastic lymphoma; NBL, neuroblastoma; STS, soft tissue sarcoma; CNS, central nervous system; EPN, ependymoma; MBL, medulloblastoma; SEER, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results.