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. 2020 Apr 23;15(4):e0224010. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224010

Table 2. Peak pressures (kPa) per region (of interest) for each footwear condition.

Shoe-A Insole-A Insole-B Insole-C Athletic shoe Non-therapeutic shoe P-value
Anatomical foot regions
MTH1 132 ± 41*** 155 ± 52§ 173 ± 76§ 199 ± 79§% 227 ± 80*** 281 ± 103*** < .001
MTH2-3 141 ± 34$ 149 ± 31 171 ± 42§ 197 ± 60§% 198 ± 40§%& 302 ± 75*** < .001
MTH4-5 117 ± 34 112 ± 26 119 ± 31 134 ± 42%$ 133 ± 38§%& 161 ± 61*** < .001
Hallux 156 ± 41 167± 44 171 ± 41 175 ± 52 185 ± 56§ 205 ± 73§ < .001
Midfoot 109 ± 30 120 ± 24 121 ± 34 143 ± 36*** 94 ± 19%$ 88 ± 20§%$ < .001
Hindfoot 190 ± 51 176 ± 40$ 211 ± 49% 175 ± 38$ 198 ± 40%& 269 ± 51*** < .001
Regions with barefoot peak pressure >450kPa (n)
MTH1 (n = 25) 140 ± 53*** 173 ± 64§ 201 ± 96§ 212 ± 99§% 257 ± 102*** 337 ± 127*** < .001
MTH2 (n = 21) 138 ± 41§ 160 ± 39$ 191 ± 49§% 223 ± 69§% 216 ± 46§%$& 350 ± 88*** < .001
MTH3 (n = 11) 159 [119–199] 154 [122–179] 166 [134–234] 190 [160–243]§ 199 [193–221] 342 [273–403] < .001
MTH4 (n = 5) 101 [86–132] 108 [82–116] 107 [90–121] 114 [90–144] 168 [138–197]% 208 [164–236]%$ .002
MTH5 (n = 14) 100 [88–132] 76 [62–99] 84 [78–98] 71 [50–93] 140 [115–169]*** 187 [137–228]*** < .001
Hallux (n = 10) 159 [139–177] 191 [143–203] 186 [146–230] 176 [156–212] 190 [148–224] 228 [174–315]$ 0.006

data are mean ± SD or median [IQR], with n = 24 for the analysis of anatomical foot regions and n as specified for the analysis of regions with a barefoot peak pressure >450 kPa.

*** significant difference vs. all other concepts (p < .05)

§ significant difference vs. Shoe-A (p < .05)

% significant difference vs. Insole-A (p < .05)

$ significant difference vs. Insole-B (p < .05)

significant difference vs. Insole-C (p < .05)

& significant difference between Athletic shoe and Non-therapeutic shoe (p < .05)