. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Apr 23.

Published in final edited form as: Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer. 2018 Dec 30;1871(1):138–159. doi: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.11.007

Table 4.

Neoplastic roles of CRL4 components

Component	Neoplastic role	Physiological evidence (knockout or transgenic mouse models)	Pathological evidence (cancer relevant human specimens)
CUL4A	Oncogenic	Lung cancer initiation and progression (transgenic overexpression of Cul4a)^89–91;Resistant to UV-induced skin carcinogenesis (skin-specific knockout of Cul4a)⁵⁵	Overexpressed in multiple myeloma³¹⁰, cholangiocarcinoma^113,114, gastric cancer^102–104, colorectal cancer^{104,107–109}, ovarian cancer^104,112,311, lung cancer^93,110,111, breast cancer^104–106, osteosarcoma^312,313, hepatocellular cancer^117,314, malignant pleural mesothelioma^315,316, pituitary adenoma³¹⁷, prostate cancer³¹⁸
CUL4B	Oncogenic	Spontaneous development of liver cancer (transgenic overexpression of Cul4b)⁹²	Overexpressed in cholangiocarcinoma¹²⁰, pancreatic carcinoma¹¹⁹, lung cancer⁹³·¹¹⁸, colorectal cancer^115,116, glioma³¹⁹, liver cancer¹²², cervical cancer¹²¹, esophageal cancer³²⁰, ovarian cancer¹¹²
RBX1	Oncogenic	N/A	Overexpressed in ovarian cancer¹²³, lung cancer¹²⁴, gastric cancer¹²⁵, bladder cancer¹²⁶
DDB1	Context-dependent	Spontaneous development of liver cancer (hepatocyte-specific knockout of Ddbl)⁷³	Overexpressed in ovarian cancer¹²³