Table 1. Demographics and Case Information.

P refers to p-value with a statistical significance of p < 0.05.

Gender and surgical side are calculated as percentages.

Age, body mass index (BMI), and length of surgery are calculated as mean (standard deviation).

Characteristics	Control (n = 28)	Music (n = 29)	P
Gender			0.708
Female	18 (64.29%)	20 (68.97%)
Male	10 (35.71%)	9 (31.03%)
Age (years)	61.68 (2.27)	65.14 (1.82)	0.238
BMI (kg/m2)	33.14 (1.29)	34.80 (1.31)	0.369
Surgical side			0.881
Left	16 (57.14%)	16 (55.17%)
Right	12 (42.86%)	13 (44.83%)
Length of surgery (minutes)	97.11 (5.10)	98.62 (4.15)	0.818