Table 2:
Comparison of Pre and End Intervention Measures
| Mean (SD) | TRE (n=11) | P* value relative to pre - intervention | Non-TRE (n=9) | P* value relative to pre-intervention | P value comparing pre-post change between TRE and non-TRE | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-Intervention | End Intervention | Pre-Intervention | End Intervention | ||||
| Weight | |||||||
| Weight | 95.2 (22.6) | 91.6 (21.5) | <0.01 | 100.9 (28.1) | 99.4 (28.1) | 0.09 | 0.04 |
| Body Composition | |||||||
| Lean Mass:Total (kg) | 50.0 (9.8) | 48.6 (9.9) | <0.01 | 51.1 (8.7) | 51.0 (7.8) | 0.81 | 0.03 |
| Lean Mass:Trunk (kg) | 23.5 (4.6) | 22.9 (4.7) | 0.08 | 23.6 (4.3) | 23.3 (3.6) | 0.24 | 0.50 |
| Lean Mass:Arms (kg) | 5.6 (1.5) | 5.4 (1.4) | 0.07 | 5.8 (1.0) | 5.7 (1.1) | 0.38 | 0.36 |
| Lean Mass:Legs (kg) | 17.8 (3.6) | 17.2 (3.7) | <0.01 | 18.6 (3.9) | 18.8 (3.6) | 0.22 | <0.01 |
| Fat mass: Total (kg) | 41.1 (16.8) | 39.4 (16.4) | <0.01 | 45.6 (20.7) | 44.7 (20.8) | 0.10 | 0.31 |
| Fat mass: Visceral (kg) | 1.7 (1.3) | 1.4 (1.1) | 0.04 | 1.1 (0.6) | 1.1 (0.6) | 0.63 | 0.04 |
| %body fat | 44.0 (9.5) | 43.7 (9.6) | 0.51 | 45 (8.5) | 44.8 (9.4) | 0.14 | 0.48 |
| Eating Habits | |||||||
| Eating Window (hours) | 15.2 (0.7) | 9.9 (2.0) | <0.01 | 15.5 (1.1) | 15.1 (1.1) | 0.24 | <0.01 |
| Eating Occasions (# occasions/day) | 5.4 (1.6) | 3.8 (0.8) | <0.01 | 5.6 (2.0) | 4.9 (1.6) | 0.01 | 0.02 |
| Blood Pressure | |||||||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 132 (13.0) | 121 (16) | 0.12 | 123 (13) | 115 (12) | 0.07 | 0.78 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 85# (4) | 79 (15) | 0.22 | 79 (8) | 72 (7) | 0.02 | 0.77 |
| Glycemic measures | |||||||
| Hemoglobin A1c (%) | 5.4 (0.4) | 5.4 (0.4) | 0.74 | 5.6 (0.4) | 5.6 (0.4) | 0.59 | 0.57 |
| HOMA-IR | 2.5 (1.6) | 2.4 (1.9) | 0.75 | 2.3 (1.2) | 2.2 (1.9) | 0.90 | 0.95 |
| Matsuda Index | 4.4 (2.6) | 5.2 (3.4) | 0.12 | 5.2 (3.4) | 5.9 (4.3) | 0.30 | 0.70 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dl) | 95 (10) | 87 (9) | <0.01 | 95 (13) | 88 (3) | 0.17 | 0.98 |
| Fasting insulin (mU/L) | 11 (6) | 11 (7) | 0.84 | 10 (5) | 10 (8) | 0.97 | 0.84 |
| 2 hour OGTT glucose value (mg/dL) | 142# (45) | 126 (21) | 0.14 | 96 (24) | 107 (26) | 0.14 | 0.98† |
| Physical activity | |||||||
| % time in Sedentary Activity | 46.0 (5.5) | 45.8 (3.7) | 0.87 | 47.6 (5.6) | 49.1 (4.6) | 0.42 | 0.47 |
| % time in Light Activity | 41.1 (1.9) | 42.0 (3.1) | 0.37 | 39.4 (4.6) | 38.9 (3.3) | 0.75 | 0.42 |
| % time in Moderate+Vigorous Activity | 12.9 (4.5) | 12.2 (3.5) | 0.52 | 13.1 (3.5) | 12.0 (4.1) | 0.57 | 0.83 |
| CGMS measures | |||||||
| Average glucose (mg/dL) | 93 (10) | 96 (9) | 0.39 | 91 (13) | 92 (9) | 0.66 | 0.67 |
| Coefficient of Variation (%) | 17.7 (3.8) | 16.3 (2.3) | 0.32 | 27.0 (27.4) | 17.0 (3.6) | 0.33 | 0.40 |
| Standard Deviation (mg/dL) | 16.5 (3.5) | 15.7 (3.2) | 0.58 | 15.7 (4.0) | 15.5 (2.9) | 0.85 | 0.76 |
| % time where blood sugars below target (<70 mg/dL) | 6.4 (5.1) | 3.0 (2.1) | 0.07 | 7.7 (8.8) | 8.3 (9.2) | 0.76 | 0.14 |
| % time where blood sugars within target (70–180 mg/dL) | 92.9 (5.5) | 97 (2.1) | 0.03 | 92.0 (9.3) | 92 (9.2) | 0.86 | 0.09 |
| % time where blood sugars above target (>180 mg/dL) | 0.7 (1.4) | 0 (0) | 0.12 | 0.3 (1.0) | 0 (0) | 0.35 | |
| Lipid Measures | |||||||
| HDL (mg/dL) | 50 (14) | 51 (14) | 0.97 | 60 (18) | 67 (19) | 0.57 | 0.66 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 144# (54) | 106 (39) | 0.02 | 87 (21) | 87 (27) | 0.90 | 0.62†† |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 95 (24) | 104 (31) | 0.55 | 105 (19) | 106 (19) | 0.68 | 0.84 |
*
p value is for significance of absolute change relative to pre-intervention
#
indicates significantly different between TRE and non-TRE groups pre-intervention p<0.05
†
After adjusting for pre-intervention 2 hour OGTT glucose value, unadjusted p value is 0.05
††
After adjusting for pre-intervention triglyceride value, unadjusted p value is 0.07