Table 1.
Bamboo flowering events observed by the Bamboo Research Institute of Nanjing Forestry University.
| Bamboo species | Flowering site | Flowering time | Literature reference | Flowering type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bambusa multiplex | Bamboo garden of Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Province, China | 2009–2016 | (Lin et al., 2015) | Sporadic flowering; bamboo culm died after flowering |
| B. oldhamii “Xia Zao” | Xiapu County, Fujian Province, China | 2013 | (Lin et al., 2018) | Sporadic flowering; bamboo culm died after flowering |
| Chimonobambusa sichuanensis | Bamboo garden of Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Province, China | 2006– | (Lin et al., 2009) | Sporadic flowering; bamboo died after flowering; produced fruit |
| Ch. utilis | Bamboo garden of Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Province, China | 1986–1989 | (Zhou, 1984) | Massive synchronized flowering; bamboo died after flowering; produced fruit |
| Indocalamus tessellatus | Bamboo garden of Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Province, China | 1994 | (Mao and Zhang, 1996) | Massive synchronized flowering; bamboo died after flowering |
| Indosasa patens | Bamboo garden of Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Province, China | 1989, 1995 | (Mao and Zhang, 1996) | Sporadic flowering; bamboo died after flowering |
| Phyllosasa tranquillans f. shiroshima | Bamboo garden of Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Province, China | 1996 | (Mao and Zhang, 1996) | Partial flowering |
| Phyllostachys arcana f. luteosulcata | Bamboo garden of Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Province, China | 2007 | (Lin and Ding, 2007) | Sporadic flowering; bamboo died after flowering; produced fruit |
| Ph. edulis | Guilin city, Guangxi Province, China | 1970, 2005–2019 | (Zhou, 1984) Observed by authors | Partial flowering; bamboo died after flowering; produced fruit |
| Ph. fimbriligula | Bamboo garden of Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Province, China | 1996 | (Mao and Zhang, 1996) | Massive synchronized flowering |
| Ph. glauca | Jinan city and Linqing city, Shandong Province, China | 2014 | (Yue et al., 2018) | Massive synchronized flowering; bamboo died after flowering; produced fruit |
| Ph. heteroclada | Bamboo garden of Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Province, China | 2018 | Observed by authors | Massive synchronized flowering; partial flowering bamboo plants withered; no seed after flowering |
| Ph. heteroclada | Bamboo garden of Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Province, China | 1987–1989 | (Zhou, 1984) | Partial flowering; bamboo died; no seed after flowering |
| Ph. nidularia | Bamboo garden of Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Province, China | 1984 | (Zhou, 1984) | Frequent sporadic flowering; flowering bamboo plants survived; no seed after flowering |
| Ph. reticulata f. shouzhu | Bamboo garden of Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Province, China | 1991 | (Mao and Zhang, 1996) | Massive synchronized flowering; bamboo died after flowering |
| Ph. rubromarginata | Bamboo garden of Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Province, China | 1993 | (Mao and Zhang, 1996) | Massive synchronized flowering; bamboo died after flowering |
| Ph. violascens f. notata | Bamboo garden of Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Province, China | 2007 | (Lin and Ding, 2007) | Sporadic flowering; bamboo died after flowering |
| Ph. viridiglaucescens | Bamboo garden of Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Province, China | 2007 | (Lin and Ding, 2007) | Sporadic flowering; bamboo died after flowering; produced fruit |
| Ph. vivax | Ge garden, Yangzhou city, Jiangsu Province, China | 2015 | (Zheng et al., 2016) | Sporadic flowering; bamboo died after flowering; produced fruit |
| Pleioblastus argenteostriatus | Bamboo garden of Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Province, China | Since 1987 | (Mao and Zhang, 1996) | Frequent sporadic flowering; bamboo died after flowering |
| Pl. argenteostriatus f. angustitolius | Taiping Zhen, Huangshan city, Anhui province, China | 2015 | (Zheng et al., 2016) | Sporadic flowering; bamboo died after flowering; produced fruit |
| Pl. pygmaeus | Bamboo garden of Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Province and Sheyang, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province, China | 2015–2017 | (Zheng et al., 2016) | Massive synchronized flowering; bamboo died after flowering; produced fruit |
| Pl. simonii f. heterophyllus | Bamboo garden of Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Province, China | 2007–2011 | (Lin and Ding, 2013) | Sporadic flowering; bamboo died after flowering; produced fruit |
| Pl. yixingensis | Bamboo garden of Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Province, China | 2017 | (Zhang et al., 2018) | Massive synchronized flowering; bamboo died after flowering; produced fruit |
| Pseudosasa amabilis var. convexa | Bamboo garden of Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Province, China | Around 2002 | (Zhang et al., 2003) | Sporadic flowering; bamboo died after flowering; produced fruit |
| Sasaella kogasensis ‘Aureostriatus’ | Bamboo garden of Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Province, China | 2015–2017 | (Zheng et al., 2016) | Massive synchronized flowering and fruiting; died after flowering |
| Sasamorpha sinica | Huangshan Scenic spot, Anhui Province, China | 1951, 2001–2003 | Observed by authors | Massive synchronized flowering and fruiting |
| Semiarundinaria sinica | Bamboo garden of Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Province, China | 2006– | Observed by authors | Sporadic flowering; no seed after flowering |
| Shibataea chinensis | Bamboo garden of Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Province, China | 2002–2010 | (Lin and Ding, 2012) | Massive synchronized flowering; no seed after flowering; regeneration by asexual rejuvenation |
| Sinobambusa tootsik | Bamboo garden of Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Province, China | 2010 | (Zheng et al., 2016) | Massive synchronized flowering and fruiting |
Due to the complexity of bamboo classification, the scientific names listed are all the scientific names in the original text, which may have changed since publication.