Table 2.
Clinical cardiometabolic parameters of study subjects.
| Variables | All cases (n = 313) |
NO_NBG (n = 196) |
O_NBG (n = 56) |
NO_GDM (n = 33) |
O_GDM (n = 28) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WISP1 (ng/mL) | 2.97 ± 0.80 | 2.91 ± 0.75 | 2.96 ± 0.87 | 2.91 ± 0.82 | 3.45 ± 0.89 | 0.010 |
| Inflammatory marker | ||||||
| WBC count (×109/L) | 8.59 ± 6.24 | 8.04 ± 1.83 | 11.19 ± 14.01 | 7.56 ± 1.77 | 8.52 ± 2.03 | 0.006 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 2.27 ± 0.89 | 2.15 ± 0.72 | 2.51 ± 1.32 | 2.53 ± 0.92 | 2.36 ± 0.72 | 0.012 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 4.78 ± 3.12 | 4.14 ± 3.00 | 6.56 ± 3.24 | 4.57 ± 2.30 | 5.97 ± 3.12 | <0.001 |
| Liver function marker | ||||||
| Total protein (g/L) | 52.57 ± 10.30 | 52.00 ± 10.59 | 55.10 ± 9.27 | 51.98 ± 10.76 | 52.21 ± 9.38 | 0.251 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 29.37 ± 6.03 | 29.10 ± 6.35 | 30.59 ± 5.23 | 28.90 ± 5.94 | 29.36 ± 5.30 | 0.413 |
| Albumin/globulin | 1.29 ± 0.14 | 1.30 ± 0.13 | 1.25 ± 0.14 | 1.27 ± 0.15 | 1.33 ± 0.19 | 0.070 |
| ALT (U/L) | 10.27 ± 7.49 | 10.52 ± 7.91 | 9.70 ± 8.02 | 11.70 ± 6.55 | 7.96 ± 2.19 | 0.223 |
| AST (U/L) | 12.35 ± 6.38 | 12.87 ± 6.64 | 11.66 ± 6.51 | 12.45 ± 5.67 | 9.89 ± 4.31 | 0.105 |
| Prealbumin (g/L) | 0.18 ± 0.06 | 0.18 ± 0.05 | 0.18 ± 0.04 | 0.17 ± 0.04 | 0.21 ± 0.13 | 0.019 |
| Total bilirubin (μmol/L) | 4.44 ± 1.68 | 4.58 ± 1.76 | 4.21 ± 1.57 | 4.55 ± 1.69 | 3.78 ± 1.12 | 0.072 |
| CB (μmol/L) | 2.64 ± 0.66 | 2.65 ± 0.66 | 2.71 ± 0.68 | 2.62 ± 0.71 | 2.48 ± 0.56 | 0.507 |
| UCB (μmol/L) | 1.80 ± 1.15 | 1.93 ± 1.21 | 1.50 ± 0.99 | 1.93 ± 1.13 | 1.30 ± 0.81 | 0.007 |
| Total bile acid (μmol/L) | 1.79 ± 1.27 | 1.68 ± 1.09 | 2.11 ± 1.83 | 2.01 ± 1.23 | 1.69 ± 1.10 | 0.104 |
| MAO (U/L) | 7.34 ± 2.42 | 7.24 ± 2.38 | 8.12 ± 2.71 | 6.78 ± 2.36 | 7.21 ± 1.96 | 0.047 |
| Renal function marker | ||||||
| Urea (mmol/L) | 2.23 ± 0.58 | 2.23 ± 0.55 | 2.14 ± 0.49 | 2.37 ± 0.72 | 2.29 ± 0.74 | 0.310 |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 37.28 ± 17.88 | 37.41 ± 22.04 | 37.44 ± 5.76 | 35.80 ± 7.06 | 37.79 ± 7.55 | 0.967 |
| Uric acid (μmol/L) | 198.5 ± 57.4 | 192.8 ± 58.5 | 214.7 ± 56.7 | 186.6 ± 37.1 | 220.5 ± 61.9 | 0.007 |
| Cystatin C (mg/L) | 0.68 ± 0.17 | 0.66 ± 0.17 | 0.73 ± 0.16 | 0.67 ± 0.17 | 0.71 ± 0.18 | 0.015 |
| Complement C1q (mg/L) | 158.3 ± 36.9 | 155.3 ± 38.0 | 170.0 ± 33.4 | 156.1 ± 35.4 | 158.9 ± 33.8 | 0.067 |
| Lipids | ||||||
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.92 ± 0.99 | 1.73 ± 0.72 | 2.24 ± 1.12 | 2.12 ± 1.57 | 2.38 ± 1.20 | <0.001 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.47 ± 1.98 | 4.41 ± 1.10 | 4.34 ± 1.06 | 4.38 ± 1.17 | 5.25 ± 5.67 | 0.185 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.42 ± 0.43 | 1.47 ± 0.44 | 1.33 ± 0.33 | 1.41 ± 0.42 | 1.28 ± 0.45 | 0.051 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.35 ± 0.77 | 2.41 ± 0.78 | 2.27 ± 0.72 | 2.27 ± 0.72 | 2.15 ± 0.74 | 0.292 |
| Apolipoprotein A1 (g/L) | 1.59 ± 0.42 | 1.59 ± 0.44 | 1.63 ± 0.38 | 1.61 ± 0.40 | 1.55 ± 0.44 | 0.840 |
| Apolipoprotein B (g/L) | 0.81 ± 0.24 | 0.81 ± 0.24 | 0.84 ± 0.25 | 0.80 ± 0.27 | 0.80 ± 0.26 | 0.889 |
WBC: white blood cell; IL-6: interleukin-6; CRP: C-reactive protein; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; CB: conjugated bilirubin; UCB: unconjugated bilirubin; MAO: monoamine oxidase; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.