. 2020 Apr 4;25(7):1670. doi: 10.3390/molecules25071670

Table 2.

Physicochemical composition (mean ± standard deviation) of orange pulp and peel, and jam with different orange peel concentrations.

Parameter	Pulp	Peel	OP0	OP4	OP8	OP12
pH	3.97 ± 0.00 ^B	4.87 ± 0.01 ^A	3.30 ± 0.03 ^A	3.31 ± 0.04 ^A	3.33 ± 0.02 ^A	3.35 ± 0.05 ^A
Aw	0.99 ± 0.00 ^A	0.97 ± 0.00 ^B	0.75 ± 0.00 ^d	0.78 ± 0.00 ^c	0.80 ± 0.00 ^b	0.82 ± 0.00 ^A
Soluble Solids (°Brix)	10.13 ± 0.06 ^A	1.34 ± 0.01 ^B	63.00 ± 0.00 ^d	63.50 ± 0.00 ^c	63.80 ± 0.00 ^b	64.01 ± 0.00 ^A
Titratable Acidity (% acid citric)	0.97 ± 0.00 ^A	0.41 ± 0.00 ^B	0.57 ± 0.00 ^d	0.62 ± 0.00 ^c	0.69 ± 0.00 ^b	0.76 ± 0.00 ^A
Soluble Solids/Titratable Acidity Ratio	10.45 ± 0.00 ^A	3.28 ± 0.01 ^B	110.53 ± 0.00 ^A	100.84 ± 0.00 ^b	91.14 ± 0.00 ^c	84.85 ± 0.08 ^d
Reducing Sugars (g 100 g⁻¹)	2.60 ± 0.01 ^A	2.56 ± 0.05 ^A	16.12 ± 0.02 ^d	18.61 ± 0.02 ^c	20.50 ± 0.02 ^b	23.80 ± 0.00 ^A
Non-Reducing Sugars (g 100 g⁻¹)	9.32 ± 0.06 ^A	2.78 ± 0.01 ^B	23.90 ± 0.08 ^c	24.85 ± 0.02 ^b	24.91 ± 0.02 ^b	26.18 ± 0.00 ^A
Total Sugars (g 100 g⁻¹)	11.71 ± 0.08 ^A	5.60 ± 0.02 ^B	40.03 ± 0.09 ^d	43.46 ± 0.00 ^c	45.41 ± 0.00 ^b	49.99 ± 0.00 ^A

Distinct capital letters on the line indicate significant difference in the Student’s t-test (p < 0.05) for orange pulp and peel; distinct lower case letters on the line indicate significant difference in the Tukey’s test (p < 0.05) for jams; the results are reported on a wet basis.