Table 3.
Classification and pesticidal effects of main components reported in the essential oils of the Lamiaceae plant family.
| Components | Classification | Pesticidal Effects |
|---|---|---|
| 1,8-Cineole | Bicyclic monoterpenoid | Larvicidal and pupicidal activity against C. quinquefasciatus [89]. |
| 3-Carene | Bicyclic monoterpene | Toxicity against the adults of S. zeamais [90]. |
| Borneol | Bicyclic monoterpenoid | Larvicidal and pupicidal activity against C. quinquefasciatus [89]. |
| Bornyl acetate | Bicyclic monoterpenoid | Fumigant toxicity against the adults of S. granaries [91]. |
| Camphene | Bicyclic monoterpene | Toxicity on P. xylostella larvae [92]. |
| Camphor | Bicyclic monoterpenoid | Larvicidal and pupicidal activity against C. quinquefasciatus [89]. |
| Carvacrol | Cyclic monoterpenoid | Contact and fumigant toxicity against the adults of C. lectularius [93]. |
| Carvone | Cyclic monoterpenoid | Toxicity against the adults of S. zeamais [90]. |
| Caryophyllene | Bicyclic sesquiterpene | Insecticidal activities against S. frugiperda larvae and pupae [94]. |
| Caryophyllene oxide | Bicyclic sesquiterpenoid | Insecticidal activities against S. frugiperda larvae and pupae [94]. |
| Estragole | Cyclic phenylpropanoid | Fumigant toxicity and acetylcholine esterase inhibition against B. germanica [95]. |
| Eugenol | Cyclic phenylpropanoid | Contact toxicity against the adults of T. castaneum [96]. |
| Fenchone | Bicyclic monoterpenoid | Fumigant toxicity against the adults of S. granaries [91]. |
| Geranial | Acyclic monoterpenoid | Larvicidal and pupicidal activity against C. quinquefasciatus [89]. |
| Geraniol | Acyclic monoterpenoid | Contact and fumigant toxicity against the adults of C. lectularius [93]. |
| Geranyl acetate | Acyclic monoterpenoid | Fumigant toxicity against the adults of S. granaries [91]. |
| Germacrene D | Cyclic sesquiterpene | Larvicidal and pupicidal activity against C. quinquefasciatus [89]. |
| Guaiol | Bicyclic sesquiterpenoid | Fumigant toxicity against the adults of S. granaries [91]. |
| Limonene | Cyclic monoterpene | Toxicity against the adults of S. zeamais [90]. |
| Linalool | Acyclic monoterpenoid | Toxicity on P. xylostella larvae [92]. |
| Linalool oxide | Cyclic monoterpenoid | Toxicity on P. xylostella larvae [92]. |
| Linalyl acetate | Acyclic monoterpenoid | Fumigant toxicity against the adults of S. granaries [91]. |
| Menthol | Cyclic monoterpenoid | Fumigant toxicity against the adults of S. granaries [91]. |
| Menthone | Cyclic monoterpenoid | Contact and fumigant toxicity against the adults of C. lectularius [93]. |
| Menthyl acetate | Cyclic monoterpenoid | Fumigant toxicity and repellent activity on first-instar nymphs of R. prolixus [97]. |
| Nerol acetate | Acyclic monoterpenoid | Fumigant toxicity against the adults of S. granaries [91]. |
| Ocimene | Acyclic monoterpene | Fumigant toxicity and acetylcholine esterase inhibition against B. germanica [95]. |
| Perillaldehyde | Cyclic monoterpenoid | Larvicidal and pupicidal activity against C. quinquefasciatus [89]. |
| Piperitenone | Cyclic monoterpenoid | Larvicidal and pupicidal activity against C. quinquefasciatus [89]. |
| Piperitenone oxide | Cyclic monoterpenoid | Larvicidal, ovicidal, oviposition-deterrent, and repellent effect against A. stephensi [98]. |
| Pulegone | Cyclic monoterpenoid | Larvicidal and pupicidal activity against C. quinquefasciatus [89]. |
| Sabinene | Bicyclic monoterpene | Larvicidal and pupicidal activity against C. quinquefasciatus [89]. |
| Terpinen-4-ol | Cyclic monoterpenoid | Contact and fumigant toxicity against C. lectularius adults [93]. |
| Terpinolene | Cyclic monoterpene | Larvicidal and pupicidal activity against C. quinquefasciatus [89]. |
| Thujene | Bicyclic monoterpene | Fumigant toxicity and acetylcholine esterase inhibition against B. germanica [89]. |
| Thymol | Cyclic monoterpenoid | Fumigant toxicity against the adults of S. granaries [91]. |
| α-Pinene | Bicyclic monoterpene | Fumigant and contact toxicities and repellency against T. castaneum adults [96]. |
| α-Terpinene | Cyclic monoterpene | Larvicidal and pupicidal activity against C. quinquefasciatus [89]. |
| α-Terpineol | Cyclic monoterpenoid | Fumigant toxicity against the adults of S. granaries [91]. |
| β-Elemene | Cyclic sesquiterpene | Contact toxicity against D. melanogaster [99]. |
| β-Eudesmol | Bicyclic sesquiterpenoid | Contact toxicity against D. melanogaster [99]. |
| β-Pinene | Bicyclic monoterpene | Fumigant toxicity against the adults of S. granaries [91]. |
| γ-Terpinene | Cyclic monoterpene | Larvicidal and pupicidal activity against C. quinquefasciatus [89]. |
| ρ-Cymene | Cyclic monoterpene | Larvicidal and pupicidal activity against C. quinquefasciatus [89]. |