Figure 2.

Neuroprotective effect of synaptic vesicle proteins and hydroxytyrosol. The neuroprotective effect of synapsin-1, septin-5, and hydroxytyrosol (12 h, 100 µM) was determined for all cell lines of this study. However, cell line PC12+syn⁺+sep⁻+hydroxytyrosol, which was pretreated with hydroxytyrosol, displayed highest cell viability compared to the other cell lines. The description of each cell line is given in Supplementary Table S3. Data are mean and S.E. values from three independent experiments (n = 3). # p < 0.01, relative to PC12 (control cells). * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01, relative to the cells treated only with salsolinol. (+) represents the overexpression of a gene, while (–) represents the downregulation of a gene.