Table 1.
Clinical, laboratory, and neuroimaging characteristics MOGAD patients that underwent biopsy
| Number of patients (%) | Median (range)a | |
|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||
| Female sex | 13 (59%) | |
| Age at onset in years | 10 (1–66) | |
| Detailed clinical Information available | 18 of 22 (82%) | |
| Initial clinical manifestation (18 with clinical details) | ||
| ADEM-like brain presentation | 11/18 (61%) | |
| Isolated transverse myelitis | 2/18 (11%) | |
| Isolated optic neuritis | 2/18 (11%) | |
| NMOSD | 1/18 (6%) | |
| Othera | 2/18 (11%) | |
| Clinical course, disability and follow-up | ||
| Relapsing | 14 of 18 (78%) | |
| Monophasic | 4 of 18 (22%) | |
| Median # of attacks in those relapsing | 5 (2–16) | |
| Types of attacks in those relapsing | ||
| Optic neuritis | 32 attacks | |
| ADEM-like Brain presentation | 28 attacks | |
| Transverse myelitis | 11 attacks | |
| EDSS at last follow-up | 2 (1–10) | |
| Duration of follow-up (months) | 43 (3–516) | |
| CSF findings | ||
| Elevated white cell count (> 5/μl) | 8/13 (62%) | 177.5 (28–478/μl) |
| Elevated protein | 8/13 (62%) | |
| Elevated oligoclonal bands | 1/12 (8%) | |
| MRI brain | ||
| Fluffy-poorly demarcated (ADEM-like) | 12/16 (75%) | |
| Deep grey matter lesions | 14/16 (88%) | |
| Infratentorial lesions | 11/16 (69%) | |
| Parenchymal enhancement | 15/16 (94%) | |
| Leptomeningeal enhancement | 5/16 (31%) |
ADEM acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, CSF cerebrospinal fluid, EDSS expanded disability status scale score, NMOSD neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder
aBrainstem and myelopathy, 1; progressive encephalitis that resolved with steroids, 1