Table 3.
Uni- and multivariable logistic regression models for the prediction meningitis and/or encephalitis with identified infectious pathogens by CSF parameters (excluding protozoal infections)
| Logistic regression | ||||||||||
| Univariable | Multivariable | Hosmer-Lemeshow | Pearson’s | |||||||
| OR | 95% CI | p-value | OR | 95% CI | p-value | X2 | p-value | X2 | p-value | |
| CSF parameters for infection | ||||||||||
| White blood cells (per106/l) | 1.00 | 0.99–1.00 | 0.283 | 1.00 | 0.99–1.00 | 0.141 | 13.50 | 0.096 | 305.7 | 0.321 |
| Protein (per mg/l) | 1.01 | 1.00–1.01 | < 0.001 | 0.99 | 0.99–1.00 | 0.852 | ||||
| Lactate (per 0.1 mmol/l) | 1.29 | 1.18–1.42 | < 0.001 | 1.11 | 0.93–1.34 | 0.254 | ||||
| Glucose ratio (per 0.1unit) | 0.01 | 0.01–0.06 | < 0.001 | 0.05 | 0.01–0.37 | 0.003 | ||||
| Multinomial logistic regression | ||||||||||
| Univariable | Multivariable | |||||||||
| RR | 95% CI | p-value | RR | 95% CI | p-value | |||||
| CSF parameters for bacterial infection | ||||||||||
| White blood cells (per106/l) | 1.00 | 1.00–1.01 | 0.039 | 0.58 | 0.18–1.89 | 0.368 | ||||
| Polynuclear cells (per 106/l) | 1.01 | 1.00–1.01 | < 0.001 | 1.72 | 0.53–5.60 | 0.368 | ||||
| Mononuclear cells (per 106/l) | 1.01 | 1.00–1.01 | < 0.001 | 1.72 | 0.53–5.61 | 0.367 | ||||
| Protein (per mg/l) | 1.01 | 1.00–1.01 | < 0.001 | 1.00 | 0.99–1.00 | 0.982 | ||||
| Lactate (per 0.1 mmol/l) | 1.55 | 1.38–1.75 | < 0.001 | 1.34 | 1.04–1.71 | 0.021 | ||||
| Glucose ratio (per 0.1unit) | 0.01 | 0.00–0.01 | < 0.001 | 0.01 | 0.00–0.17 | 0.003 | ||||
| CSF parameters for viral infection | ||||||||||
| White blood cell count (per106/l) | 1.00 | 0.99–1.00 | 0.103 | 0.62 | 0.30–1.29 | 0.203 | ||||
| Polynuclear cells (per 106/l) | 0.99 | 0.99–1.00 | 0.208 | 1.61 | 0.77–3.33 | 0.204 | ||||
| Mononuclear cells (per 106/l) | 1.01 | 1.00–1.01 | < 0.001 | 1.62 | 0.78–3.36 | 0.198 | ||||
| Protein (per mg/l) | 1.00 | 0.99–1.00 | 0.634 | 1.00 | 1.00–1.00 | 0.925 | ||||
| Lactate (per 0.1 mmol/l) | 1.02 | 0.87–1.18 | 0.830 | 1.00 | 0.76–1.30 | 0.997 | ||||
| Glucose ratio (per 0.1unit) | 0.09 | 0.01–0.60 | 0.012 | 0.10 | 0.10–1.02 | 0.052 | ||||
| Multinomial logistic regression | ||||||||||
| Forward selection | Backward selection | Hosmer-Lemeshow | Pearson’s | |||||||
| RR | 95% CI | p-value | RR | 95% CI | p-value | X2 | p-value | X2 | p-value | |
| CSF parameters for bacterial infection | ||||||||||
| White blood cells (per106/l) | NS | NS | ||||||||
| Polynuclear cells (per 106/l) | NS | NS | ||||||||
| Mononuclear cells (per 106/l) | NS | NS | ||||||||
| Protein (per mg/l) | NS | NS | ||||||||
| Lactate (per 0.1 mmol/l) | 1.35 | 1.12–1.64 | 0.002 | 1.35 | 1.12–1.64 | 0.001 | 6.58 | 0.583 | 135.8 | 0.14 |
| Glucose ratio (per 0.1unit) | 0.01 | 0.00–0.23 | 0.004 | 0.10 | 0.00–0.23 | 0.004 | ||||
| CSF parameters for viral infection | ||||||||||
| White blood cell count (per106/l) | NS | NS | ||||||||
| Polynuclear cells (per 106/l) | NS | NS | ||||||||
| Mononuclear cells (per 106/l) | 1.01 | 1.00–1.01 | < 0.001 | 1.01 | 1.00–1.01 | < 0.001 | 9.46 | 0.305 | 194.1 | 0.39 |
| Protein (per mg/l) | NS | NS | ||||||||
| Lactate (per 0.1 mmol/l) | NS | NS | ||||||||
| Glucose ratio (per 0.1unit) | NS | NS | ||||||||
CSF cerebrospinal fluid, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, NS not selected
Boldp-values indicate significance set at < 0.05