Table 4:

IV Effects of MA-PD Enrollment on Alternative Dependent Variables Reported in Percentage Points

	Any Opioid Except Buprenorphine	Any Benzo-diazepene	Any Top 15 Rx	Any Rx Ordered by High Prescriber	High-dose Opioid Conditional on Any Opioid
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)
In MA-PD plan	−12.295***	−3.315	9.656	−13.666	−0.201
	(4.592)	(3.244)	(6.182)	(8.650)	(2.856)
County poverty rate	0.451***	0.191***	0.307***	0.409**	0.090
	(0.109)	(0.070)	(0.117)	(0.191)	(0.056)
County disability rate	0.341***	0.210***	0.112	0.935***	0.176***
	(0.097)	(0.066)	(0.122)	(0.196)	(0.060)
County obesity rate	0.226***	−0.140***	−0.022	0.133	−0.120***
	(0.071)	(0.047)	(0.090)	(0.130)	(0.042)
County average	−0.127**	0.094**	0.091	−0.075	−0.078**
risk score	(0.058)	(0.037)	(0.074)	(0.111)	(0.033)
Estimator	IV	IV	IV	IV	IV
Mean of dependent variable	31.358	14.381	37.027	12.858	6.840
Number of observations	556,158	556,158	556,158	556,158	174,477
Number of counties	425	425	425	425	425

Notes: Heteroscedasticity-consistent standard errors clustered by county.