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. 2020 Apr 24;10:6922. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-63587-3

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Panel A: Temporal response function using periods of high (left panel) or low (center panel) attention for training the model. In red/blue, the peaks are indicated. In the right panel, peaks from the two different conditions are overlaid. Note the delay in later latencies (between 100 and 350 ms) observed in the frontal and fronto-central electrodes, while earlier and later latencies did not show any delay in the activations. Panel B: Temporal response function’s differences at each latency. Channels and latencies that were found to contribute significantly to this difference in a cluster-based analysis are indicated in black. Panel C: Temporal response functions using periods of high (red) or low (blue) attention for training the model averaged over electrodes. The TRFs are significantly different, and the difference is most pronounced from 242 to 290 ms (in yellow). The difference mainly results from the peak’s delay and not the peak’s amplitude change.