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. 2020 Apr 17;11:437. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00437

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Copyright © 2020 Dubiel, Beeckman, Smagghe and Van Damme

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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ABA-mediated signaling pathway in normal and stress conditions. At low ABA concentrations in normal conditions the SnRK2 protein kinase activity is inactivated by PP2C phosphatases. Under stress conditions ABA binds to PYR/PYL/RCARs, which binds and inhibits the P2C phosphatases, releasing the SnRK2 kinases, which then phosphorylate downstream targets and trigger ABA-induced physiological responses. ArathEULS3 (EULS3) is known to interact with PYL9 and CPK3. TF, transcription factor; P, phosphorylation. Figure adapted and re-drawn from (Ullah et al., 2017).