Table 2.

Definitions of Active Ingredients

Active ingredient	Definition	Keywords
Exercise	Strengthen physical function, body structure, and physiological reserves	Exercise; physical activity; strengthening; walk; physical training; Tai-Chi; balance; mobility; agility; stretching
Problem-solving	Identify problems in daily activities, propose solutions to solve the problems, and implement solutions	Problem-solving; action plan; review solutions; identify strategies; refine strategies; design a plan; mutual problem-solving; overcome barriers; propose ways
Cognitive behavioral therapy	Discuss and identify patterns of thinking or behaviors. Change distorted thoughts to change behaviors and mood	Cognitive behavioral therapy; cognitive behavioral interventions
Environmental modification	Modify environmental factors, such as home, light, rug, and handrail	Environmental modification; eliminate environmental hazards; home modification
Education	Deliver, shape, or instruct knowledge on how to perform a behavior or deal with situations	Education; impart knowledge; didactic teaching; educational videotape
Goal setting	Identify goals that are relevant to health professionals or participants	Goal setting; preview goals; identify goals; prioritize goals; set realistic goals
Comprehensive geriatric assessment	A therapeutic process that incorporated medical, psychosocial or functional assessments to inform care plans for primary care teams and rehabilitation fields	Comprehensive geriatric assessment; multidimensional geriatric instrument; standardized health assessment
Cognitive training	Train specific cognitive domains, including processing speed, memory, attention, or reasoning	Cognition training; mathematics; attention memory; visuospatial ability; processing speed; reasoning; visual search skill