Murphy 2003.

Methods	Retrospective observational cohort study. Follow up to 2 years.
Participants	All consultations for PEG tube placement over 24 months in patients with dementia. Male patients with advanced dementia (as documented in the medical notes), dysphagia and life expectancy considered to be at least 30 days and no contraindication to conscious sedation and no other disease contributing to dysphagia. Age of patients not provided.
Interventions	Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) was performed in 23 patients. In 18 patients who met the medical criteria the surrogate decision maker refused placement. No details per group on baseline demographics are provided.
Outcomes	A Kaplan‐Meier survival curve was used to compare median survival between patients who received a PEG tube and patients where PEG tube placement was refused. The median survival for 23 patients who underwent PEG was 59 days and in 18 patients who did not undergo PEG was 60 days, P value 0.37. There was one major complication in the group that under went PEG ‐ an intra‐abdominal abscess, resulting in sepsis and death.
Notes	Lack of clarity on how comparable the two groups were