Table 4. Variation in Extent of Gaming Across Time and Case Study Sites .

Early implementation (2009-2010)
	Hospital 1	Hospital 2	Hospital 3	Hospital 4
Official target performance	Relatively high	Relatively high	Low	Low
Gaming Indicators
TDPB ‘0’ at 360-369	High	Moderate	Low	Low
Spike 346-360	Moderate	Moderate	Low	Low
Spike 0-15	None	None	None	None
Late implementation (2011-2012)
Official target performance	Achieved	Achieved	Not achieved	Achieved
Gaming Indicators
TDPB ‘0’ at 360-369	Very High	Moderate	Moderate	Very High
Spike 346-360	Very High	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate
Spike 0-15	None	None	None	Very High

Abbreviation: TDPB, terminal digit preference bias.