Table 4. Bivariable Regression Results for Predicting Healthcare-Related HIV Stigma in Kerman, Iran (n = 375)a .
| Variable | Stigma Score | ||
| Mean Score (95% CI) | Unadjusted Coefficient (95% CI) | P Value | |
| Gender | |||
| Men | 25.46 (22.29, 28.63) | - | - |
| Women | 26.10 (24.79, 27.41) | 0.64 (-2.99, 4.27) | .65 |
| Age | |||
| ≤30 | 25.27 (24.28, 26.25) | - | - |
| 31-40 | 26.56 (24.36, 28.76) | 1.29 (-1.78, 4.36) | .30 |
| 41-49 | 25.94 (21.95, 29.92) | 0.66 (-3.48, 4.82) | .67 |
| ≥50 | 27.00 (24.99, 29.00) | 1.72 (-0.41, 3.86) | .08 |
| Marital status | |||
| Married or divorce | 25.98 (25.79, 26.18) | - | - |
| Never married/single | 25.90 (24.51, 27.29) | -0.08 (-1.53, 1.36) | .87 |
| Education | |||
| Diploma or less | 28.23 (25.42, 31.04) | - | - |
| Bachelor/associate degree | 25.80 (24.74, 26.85) | -2.43 (-4.48, -0.37) | .03 |
| MSc/MD/PhD | 25.01 (22.45, 27.56) | -3.22 (-7.46, 1.02) | .10 |
| Occupation | |||
| Medical specialist | 24.34 (20.92, 27.77) | - | - |
| Dentist | 26.85 (26.85, 26.85) | 2.50 (-0.91, 5.93) | .11 |
| Nurse | 25.92 (25.76, 26.09) | 1.58 (-1.68, 4.84) | .25 |
| Midwife | 25.18 (23.10, 27.19) | 0.83 (-2.58, 4.26) | 0.53 |
| Laboratory worker | 26.30 (22.71, 29.90) | 1.96 (-3.26, 7.19) | .35 |
| Paramedic, nurses’ aides, housekeeping staff | 28.11 (26.10, 30.11) | 3.76 (-1.24, 8.78) | .10 |
| VCT personnel | 15.66 (12.76, 16.57) | -8.67 (-12.10, -5.25) | <.001 |
| Work experience | |||
| ≤10 | 27.00 (24.45, 29.54) | - | - |
| >10 | 25.13 (23.75, 26.51) | -1.86 (-4.10, 0.37) | .08 |
| Workplace setting | |||
| Educational hospitals | 26.16 (25.32, 27.00) | - | - |
| Private Clinic or office | 26.57 (23.50, 28.00) | 0.41 (-0.42, 1.24) | .24 |
| VCT clinic | 15.66 (12.76, 16.57) | -10.50 (-11.33, -9.66) | <.001 |
| Prior experience of working with PLHIV | |||
| No | 27.46 (25.96, 28.96) | - | - |
| Yes | 25.11 (23.79, 26.42) | -2.35 (-4.10, -0.60) | .02 |
| Having passed HIV-related educational courses | |||
| No | 26.67 (25.89, 27.46) | - | - |
| Yes | 25.31 (23.76, 26.87) | -1.36 (-2.58, -0.13) | .03 |
| Worry related to providing services for PLHIV (n = 222)b | 0.49 (0.29, 0.69) | <0.001 | |
| Worry related to being avoided family and coworkers (n = 223)b | 1.05 (0.08, 2.01) | 0.03 | |
| Composite worry scale (n = 140)b | 0.49 (0.08, 0.91) | 0.03 | |
| Worry total (n = 50)b | 0.27 (-0.22, 0.76) | 0.17 | |
| Environment policy (n = 367) | 0.19 (-0.45, 0.84) | 0.45 | |
| Attitudes toward HIV-positive pregnant women (n = 154)b | -1.73 (-2.86, -0.61) | 0.01 | |
Abbreviations: VCT, voluntary counselling and testing; PLHIV, people living with HIV.
aSome participants did not respond to all questions.
bThese questions are not relevant for all participants and were not entered in the multivariable model.