Table 3. Characteristics of study participants (n = 3,897).

Factor Group	Variable	Class	Weighted frequency	Percent
Respondent characteristics	Current age	15–19	222	5.7
		20–24	592	15.2
		25–29	903	23.2
		30–34	827	21.2
		35–39	631	16.2
		40–44	424	10.9
		45–49	298	7.6
	Age at first cohabitation	<18 years	2424	62.2
		≥18 years	1473	37.8
	Educational status	No education	2397	61.5
		Primary	1067	27.4
		Secondary+	433	11.1
	Employment status	Not employed	1952	50.1
		Employed	1945	49.9
	Religion	Christian	2512	64.5
		Muslim	1313	33.7
		Other	73	1.9
	Witness inter-parental violence	No	2755	70.7
		Yes	1142	29.3
	Number of living children	One or less	920	23.6
		2–3	1123	28.8
		≥4	1855	47.6
	Substance abuse	No	2031	52.1
		Yes	1866	47.9
	Wife beating attitude	No	1273	32.7
		Yes	2624	67.3
Partner characteristics	Age of partner	Below 25	200	5.1
		25–34	1298	33.3
		≥35	2398	61.6
	Partner's educational status	No education	1840	47.2
		Primary	1397	35.9
		Secondary+	660	17.0
	Partner drinks alcohol	No	2750	70.6
		Yes	1147	29.4
Household characteristics	Access to media	No	2424	62.2
		Yes	1473	37.8
	Wealth index	Poorest	748	19.2
		Poorer	792	20.3
		Middle	799	20.5
		Richer	733	18.8
		Richest	824	21.2
Relationship level variables	Decision-making autonomy	No	1203	30.9
		Yes	2694	69.1
	Head of the household	Male	3357	86.2
		Female	540	13.9
	Educational difference	Women higher	379	9.7
		Same	2421	62.1
		Husband higher	1097	28.1
	Age difference	Women younger	121	3.1
		Same age	83	2.1
		Husband older by ≤5years	1555	39.9
		Husband older by >5years	2137	54.9
Community/cluster level variables (n = 639)	Place of residence	Urban	200	31.3
		Rural	439	68.7
	Early marriage	Low	344	53.8
		High	295	46.2
	Female literacy	Low	289	45.2
		High	350	54.8
	Women decision-making	Low	317	49.6
		High	322	50.4
	IPV acceptability	Low	377	59.0
		High	262	41.0
Societal/regional-level variables (n = 11)	MPI	Below national average	7	63.6
		Above national average	4	36.4
	GEI	Below average	5	45.4
		Above average	6	54.6

Abbreviations: MPI = Multi-dimensional Poverty Index; GEI = Gender Empowerment Index