Table 3.
Resource utilization of hospitalized patients with RSV detected
| Characteristic | Children < 1 (n = 411) | Children 1‐17 (n = 352) | Adults 18‐64 (n = 147) | Adults ≥ 65 (n = 192) | Overall (n = 1102) | P‐value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Co‐detection, Any (% with co‐detection) | 78 (19.0) | 69 (19.6) | 15 (10.2) | 16 (8.3) | 178 (16.2) | <.0001 |
| Rhinovirus/enterovirus | 56 (71.8) | 34 (49.3) | 6 (40.0) | 4 (25) | 100 (56.2) | ‐‐ |
| Coronavirus | 11 (14.1) | 16 (23.2) | 5 (33.3) | 5 (31.3) | 37 (20.8) | ‐‐ |
| Parainfluenza virus | 5 (6.4) | 7 (10.1) | 0 | 1 (6.3) | 13 (7.3) | ‐‐ |
| Adenovirus | 6 (7.7) | 10 (14.5) | 0 | 0 | 16 (9.0) | ‐‐ |
| Influenza A (H3 and 2009H1) | 1 (1.3) | 4 (5.8) | 4 (26.7) | 4 (25) | 13 (7.3) | ‐‐ |
| Influenza B | 0 | 1 (1.4) | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.6) | ‐‐ |
| Human metapneumovirus | 3 (3.8) | 2 (2.9) | 0 | 3 (18.8) | 8 (4.5) | ‐‐ |
| Mycoplasma pneumoniae | 0 | 2 (2.9) | 0 | 0 | 2 (1.1) | ‐‐ |
| Positive bacterial cultureb | 43 (10.5) | 47 (13.4) | 17 (11.6) | 23 (12.0) | 130 (11.8) | .578 |
| Blood | 10 (2.4) | 10 (2.8) | 8 (5.4) | 4 (2.1) | 32 (2.9) | ‐‐ |
| Urine | 18 (4.3) | 13 (3.7) | 5 (3.4) | 9 (4.7) | 45 (4.1) | ‐‐ |
| Respiratory | 15 (3.6) | 24 (6.8) | 4 (2.7) | 10 (5.2) | 53 (4.8) | ‐‐ |
| Chest X‐ray | 201 (48.9) | 250 (71.0) | 124 (84.4) | 178 (92.7) | 753 (68.3) | <.0001 |
| Medications | ||||||
| Antibiotics | 188 (45.7) | 275 (78.1) | 115 (78.2) | 172 (89.6) | 750 (68.1) | <.0001 |
| Steroids | 200 (48.7) | 256 (72.7) | 99 (67.3) | 150 (78.1) | 705 (64.0) | <.0001 |
| Racemic epinephrine | 176 (42.8) | 66 (18.8) | 0 | 2 (1.0) | 244 (22.1) | ‐‐ |
| Ribavirin | 0 | 1 (0.3) | 12 (8.2) | 6 (3.1) | 19 (1.7) | ‐‐ |
| Oseltamivir | 1 (0.2) | 3 (0.8) | 14 (9.5) | 15 (7.8) | 33 (3.0) | ‐‐ |
| Mean Length of Hospital Stay (d) | 4.2 ± 5.8 | 4.9 ± 8.6 | 8.2 ± 12.9 | 6.6 ± 6.9 | 5.4 ± 8.3 | ‐‐ |
| Respiratory readmissiona | 5 (1.2) | 5 (1.4) | 4 (2.7) | 6 (3.1) | 20 (1.8) | .103 |
| Severe disease | 111 (27.0) | 86 (24.4) | 22 (15.0) | 38 (19.8) | 257 (23.3) | .056 |
| Continuous positive airway pressure | 85 (20.7) | 50 (14.2) | 5 (3.4) | 19 (9.9) | 159 (14.4) | .001 |
| Ventilator | 14 (3.4) | 10 (2.8) | 7 (4.8) | 15 (7.8) | 46 (4.2) | .018 |
| Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation | 1 (0.2) | 2 (0.6) | 1 (0.7) | 0 | 4 (0.4) | ‐‐ |
| ICU admission (≥1) | 63 (15.3) | 64 (18.2) | 21 (14.3) | 25 (13.0) | 173 (15.7) | .455 |
| Mean(SD) ICU‐hours | 148.0 ± 219 | 179.3 ± 232 | 257.0 ± 267 | 181.6 ± 153 | 177.8 ± 223 | ‐‐ |
| Case fatality ratioa | 1 (0.2) | 2 (0.6) | 3 (2.2) | 11 (5.9) | 17 (1.6) | ‐‐ |
Contaminants: Ochrobactrum anthropi, Staphylococcus capitis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus hominis, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus vestibularis, Streptococcus viridian.
Within 4 wk of discharge.
Pathogenic organisms (bolded organisms isolated from blood cultures): Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin‐susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Streptococcus pneumonia.