Table 3.

Other work-related outcomes among longer-term cancer survivors

Author and year	Work-related outcomes assessed	Results
Amir et al., 2007 [28]	• Change in working hours • Change in place of work • Perception of work	• 18% of survivors who took < 6 months sick leave, and 43% of those who took ≥ 18 months sick leave, changed their working hours compared to before diagnosis • 8% of survivors who had returned to work changed to a different place of work • 19% of survivors who returned to work reported that their overall working life had deteriorated due to cancer
Bradley and Bednarek, 2002 [31]; Bednarek and Bradley, 2005 [32]	• Change in work schedule	• 54% of survivors reduced their workload/working schedule at least once because of cancer
Dahl et al., 2015 [33]	• Reduced working hours • Influence of prostate cancer on working life	• 66% of survivors worked full-time at 3 years compared to 75% at diagnosis • 34% of survivors reported that prostate cancer had influence their working life to some/great extent. In multivariable analysis among men active in the workforce, adjuvant/salvage treatment, chronic fatigue, physical work and bother with urinary leakage were significantly associated with believing prostate cancer had influenced working life to some/great extent.
Hamood et al., 2018 [34]	• Change in working hours	• At a mean of 8.5 years post-diagnosis, 48% of survivors had changed from full-time to part-time employment. In multivariate analyses, immigration status (country of birth not Israel) was significantly associated with changing from full-time to part-time employment
Jagsi et al., 2014 [35]	• Seeking work	• At 4 years post-diagnosis, 39% of survivors who were not employed were actively looking for work
Jeon, 2016 [36]	• Income	• During 25–47 months post-diagnosis, survivors earned 9.0% less than comparators. The difference was greatest for those with cancers of low survival.
Kiserud et al., 2016 [38]	• Work changes due to cancer • Work ability	• 13% of survivors who returned to work reported work changes due to cancer • Work ability was higher among those working at survey than not working (mean = 7.3 vs 3.6); 11% of those working vs 59% of those not working had poor physical work ability; 6% of those working vs 33% of those not working had poor mental work ability; change in work ability was lower among those working than those not working
Landeiro et al., 2018 [39]	• Change in working hours • Income • Perceived employer discrimination	• Among survivors who returned to work, 12% decreased and 3% increased working hours • 21% reported a reduction in monthly income • 11% reported perceived employer discrimination
Maunsell et al., 2004 [40]; Drolet et al., 2005a [41]; Drolet et al., 2005b [42]	• Change in working hours • Change in job • Income • Sickness absence	• Among survivors employed at 3 years, hours worked per week in main/only and any second job were significantly lower than at diagnosis • 19% of survivors (20% of those disease-free and 13% of those not disease-free) vs 20% of comparators were employed in a different job than at diagnosis • At 3 years, the increase in the proportion who earned $30,000+ per annum (compared to at diagnosis) was similar in survivors and comparators • In the third year from diagnosis, 23% of survivors were absent from work for ≥ 4 weeks vs 19% of comparators. Average duration of absence was longer in survivors who were not disease free, compared to those who were disease free (4.1 weeks vs 2.1 weeks).
Mols et al., 2009 [43]	• Change in working hours	• At survey, 17% of survivors worked fewer hours than at diagnosis
Paraponaris et al., 2010 [44]; Marino et al., 2013 [45]	• Sickness absence	• 20% of survivors who were employed at diagnosis and at 2 years took no sick leave
Pearce et al., 2013 [46]	• Change in working hours	• Among survivors who returned to work, 52% reduced and 3% increased working hours compared to at diagnosis
Sanchez et al., 2004 [47]	• Sickness absence	• Of survivors who resumed working, 36% returned after ≥ 60 days absence. In multivariate analyses, receipt of chemotherapy was significantly related to returning after 60 days
Short et al., 2005 [48]; Farley Short et al., 2008 [49]; Moran et al., 2011 [50]	• Hours worked	• At 2–6 years post-diagnosis, female survivors aged 28–54 worked 3–4 hours less per week than similarly-aged females in comparison population; male survivors aged 28–54 worked 5–6 hours less than similarly-aged males in comparison population. Female survivors aged 55–65 worked 3–4 hours less per week than similarly-aged females in comparison population; male survivors aged 55–65 worked 3.5–5 hours less than similarly-aged males in comparison population
Tison et al., 2016 [52]; Alleaume et al., 2018 [53]	• Change in working hours	• Of survivors who had returned to work at 5 years, 32% had reduced working hours compared to diagnosis. In multivariate analysis, wages at diagnosis, sector of employment at diagnosis, chemotherapy, mental health score and chronic neuropathic pain were significantly associated with reduced working hours at 5 years
Verdonck-de Leeuw et al., 2010 [56]	• Change in work	• Of survivors who resumed working, 36% had changed work (i.e. returned to adapted work or to other work).