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Effect of the time of exposition to electrons in the microscope chamber in cryo-SEM experiment on development of secondary pores in plunge-frozen water-swollen G0/0.3 hydrogel. (a) Initial specimen covered with a layer of frozen water (t ~ 0 min), (b) sublimation of ice in progress (t ≈ 5 min) and (c) complete sublimation of ice from the surface of the scanned area (t ≈ 30 min).
