Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of human cohort.
| Parameter | Unit | Ctrl | Ath | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 20 | 10 | ||
| Age | years | 59.4 ± 9.1 | 64.0 ± 5.8 | 0.105 |
| Gender | % female | 55 | 50 | 0.999 |
| BMI | kg/m2 | 27.7 ± 4.5 | 25.9 ± 3.4 | 0.253 |
| Waist-to-hip ratio | meter | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.152 |
| GFR (CKD-EPI) | mL/min/1.73m2 | 89.0 ± 16.0 | 84.5 ± 22.1 | 0.570 |
| Mean arterial pressure | mmHg | 90.2 ± 7.2 | 90.4 ± 8.0 | 0.956 |
| C-reactive protein | nmol/L | 173.4 ± 299.4 | 118.9 ± 143.8 | 0.556 |
| Cholesterol, total | mmol/L | 5.1 ± 0.9 | 5.1 ± 1.0 | 0.927 |
| Cholesterol, HDL | mmol/L | 1.5 ± 0.4 | 1.6 ± 0.4 | 0.606 |
| Cholesterol, LDL | mmol/L | 3.0 ± 0.9 | 2.9 ± 1.0 | 0.741 |
| Triglycerides | mmol/L | 1.2 ± 0.7 | 1.2 ± 0.8 | 0.951 |
| Apo A1 | μmol/L | 55.2 ± 9.2 | 55.9 ± 5.8 | 0.809 |
| Apo B | μmol/L | 1.8 ± 0.5 | 1.9 ± 0.3 | 0.454 |
| Fasting blood glucose | mmol/L | 5.5 ± 1.7 | 5.0 ± 0.9 | 0.315 |
| HBA1c | mmol/mol | 37.4 ± 11.5 | 35.0 ± 6.1 | 0.471 |
| Insulin | μU/mL | 11.3 ± 6.2 | 13.4 ± 7.3 | 0.454 |
| HOMA-IR | 2.9 ± 2.4 | 3.0 ± 1.7 | 0.952 | |
| Hypoglycemic drugs | % | 5 | 10 | 0.999 |
| Metformin | % | 5 | 10 | 0.999 |
| Statins | % | 20 | 30 | 0.657 |
| Ezetimibe | % | 5 | 0 | 0.999 |
| Aspirin | % | 10 | 20 | 0.584 |
| Anticoagulants | % | 5 | 0 | 0.999 |
| ACE inhibitors | % | 45 | 30 | 0.694 |
| Diuretics | % | 15 | 30 | 0.372 |
| Calcium channel blockers | % | 10 | 0 | 0.540 |
| Beta blockers | % | 5 | 0 | 0.999 |
| Alpha blockers | % | 10 | 10 | 0.999 |
| Proton-pump inhibitors | % | 5 | 0 | 0.999 |
| Probiotics | % | 5 | 10 | 0.999 |
Characteristics of human subjects with data on carotid atherosclerosis as part of the FLOROMIDIA cohort. Ten patients with carotid atherosclerosis (Ath) and 20 control subjects (Ctrl) were included. Analysis by two-sided Student's t-test or Chi-square test for categorical variables. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated based on serum creatinine, age, sex and ethnicity by CKD-EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration) formula. ACE: Angiotensin-converting enzyme, HOMA-IR: Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance. Data are the mean ± S.D. or percent.