Table 1.
Characteristics of the SKOT III cohort infants with gut microbiota data.
| 5 months of age (n = 27) | 9 months of age (n = 26) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NWG (n = 15) | EWG (n = 12) | P-value | NWG (n = 15) | EWG (n = 11) | P-value | |
| Age (mean months ± sd) | 5.91 ± 0.32 | 5.61 ± 0.53 | 0.081 | 9.08 ± 0.20 | 9.03 ± 0.30 | 0.581 |
| Gender (boys/girls, %) | 40.0/60.0 | 58.3/41.7 | 0.452 | 40.0/60.0 | 54.5/45.5 | 0.69 |
| Birth mode (C-section/vaginal, %)a | 6.7/92.3 | 27.3/72.7 | 0.282 | 13.3/86.7 | 36.4/63.6 | 0.35 |
| Maternal BMI (mean BMI ± sd) | 22.51 ± 2.30 | 25.86 ± 6.70 | 0.123 | 22.92 ± 2.14 | 26.04 ± 6.08 | 0.13 |
| Siblings (yes/no, %) | 46.7/53.3 | 63.6/36.4 | 0.452 | 53.3/46.7 | 63.6/36.4 | 0.70 |
| Breastfed (%) | 100.0 | 100.0 | – | 93.3 | 90.9 | 0.99 |
| No longer breastfed (%) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 6.7 | 9.1 | ||
| Weight-for-age (mean Z-score ± sd) | 0.31 ± 0.14 | 3.11 ± 0.21 | <0.0001 1 | 0.44 ± 0.13 | 2.67 ± 0.17 | <0.0001 1 |
| BMI-for-age (mean Z-score ± sd) | −0.20 ± 0.21 | 2.64 ± 0.25 | <0.0001 1 | 0.13 ± 0.22 | 2.18 ± 0.25 | <0.0001 1 |
| Height-for-age (mean Z-score ± sd) | 0.81 ± 0.19 | 1.90 ± 0.20 | 0.0006 1 | 0.63 ± 0.20 | 1.84 ± 0.18 | 0.0002 1 |
| Waist circumference (mean cm ± sd) | 42.1 ± 1.50 | 50.4 ± 2.25 | <0.0001 1 | 43.4 ± 1.72 | 50.2 ± 1.79 | <0.0001 1 |
| Fat mass (mean kg ± sd)b | 2.07 ± 0.31 | 3.65 ± 0.54 | <0.0001 | 2.79 ± 0.27 | 4.23 ± 0.64 | <0.0001 |
| Fat mass percent (mean % ± sd)b | 27.41 ± 2.99 | 35.35 ± 3.34 | <0.0001 1 | 30.84 ± 2.16 | 36.05 ± 3.67 | 0.0002 1 |
| Fat mass index (mean kg/m2± sd)b | 4.46 ± 0.68 | 7.38 ± 0.98 | <0.0001 1 | 5.32 ± 0.59 | 7.43 ± 1.03 | <0.0001 1 |
a
Data on was missing from one individual; bData missing on one individual at 5 months and one individual at 9 months.
1
Unpaired T-test; 2Fishers exact test; 3Unpaired T-test with Welch's correctoion; P-values indicating significant differences are given in bold text.