Table 1. Task-Based Classification of Potential Applications of Deep Learning Technology in Field of Thoracic Radiology.

Detection of abnormalities

Detection of lung nodule on CXR (30,43) or chest CT (69)

Image classification

Classification of lung nodules according to morphology (71)

Classification of lung nodules according to likelihood of malignancy (72,73,74)

Diagnosis of specific diseases (active tuberculosis (28,29,44), lung cancer (75,77), COPD (85), pulmonary fibrosis (81,84))

Prediction of patient prognosis or treatment response (76,85,86)

Image segmentation

Organ segmentation (lung (95,96), pulmonary lobes (97), airway (98))

Lung nodule segmentation (99,100)

Image generation

Image neutralization (108,109,110)

Image quality improvement (image noise reduction) (114,115,116)

COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CT = computed tomography, CXR = chest X-ray