Table 5.
Unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratios for all-cause mortality for each CKD GFR category, stratified by PH subtype
| CKD Stage and PH Subtype | Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | Adjusteda HR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| No CKD | ||
| Precapillary PH | 2.17 (1.92 – 2.45) | 2.27 (2.00 – 2.57) |
| Isolated postcapillary PH | 1.66 (1.47 – 1.89) | 1.52 (1.34 – 1.74) |
| Combined pre/post capillary PH | 1.89 (1.66 – 2.15) | 1.76 (1.53 – 2.01) |
| No PH | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| CKD G3a | ||
| Precapillary PH | 1.35 (1.09 – 1.66) | 1.52 (1.23 – 1.88) |
| Isolated postcapillary PH | 1.14 (0.94 – 1.37) | 1.19 (0.98 – 1.44) |
| Combined pre/post capillary PH | 1.78 (1.48 – 2.14) | 1.89 (1.57 – 2.28) |
| No PH | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| CKD G3b | ||
| Precapillary PH | 1.52 (1.18 – 1.96) | 1.65 (1.28 – 2.14) |
| Isolated postcapillary PH | 1.56 (1.27 – 1.93) | 1.51 (1.22 – 1.88) |
| Combined pre/post capillary PH | 1.83 (1.49 – 2.25) | 1.87 (1.52 – 2.31) |
| No PH | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| CKD G4 | ||
| Precapillary PH | 1.42 (0.94 – 2.13) | 1.57 (1.04 – 2.36) |
| Isolated postcapillary PH | 1.73 (1.25 – 2.39) | 1.68 (1.21 – 2.34) |
| Combined pre/post capillary PH | 1.97 (1.41 – 2.74) | 2.13 (1.52 – 2.97) |
| No PH | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| CKD G5/G5D | ||
| Precapillary PH | 0.89 (0.56 – 1.43) | 1.04 (0.65 – 1.68) |
| Isolated postcapillary PH | 1.13 (0.79 – 1.61) | 1.18 (0.82 – 1.70) |
| Combined pre/post capillary PH | 1.46 (1.01 – 2.11) | 1.63 (1.12 – 2.36) |
| No PH | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
CKD, chronic kidney disease; PH, pulmonary hypertension; Gn, glomerular filtration rate category n; GFR, glomerular filtration rate.
a
Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for age, sex, race, body mass index, diabetes mellitus, heart failure, hypertension, cirrhosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, obstructive sleep apnea, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, moderate/severe aortic valve disease, moderate/severe mitral value disease, human immunodeficiency virus infection, smoking, left ventricular ejection fraction, and hemoglobin.