Table 1:
Summary of the animal studies literature.
| Reference | Subjects (n) | Pollutants analyzed | Results | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dominickand Carson (19) | 18 Sows | CO | Ambient CO level, ppm | Live births | Stillbirths | Stillbirths, % | |
| Control | 22 | 1 | 4.3 | ||||
| 150 | 13 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| 200 | 14 | 1 | 6.7 | ||||
| 250 | 15 | 8 | 34.8 | ||||
| 300 | 15 | 11 | 42.3 | ||||
| 350 | 5 | 20 | 80 | ||||
| Mohallem et al. (20) | 40 Female mice | PM10, NO2 | Chamber | Live-born pups | Live-born pups per mouse (median) | Reabsorptions/fetal deaths per mouse (median) | |
| Clean | 106 | 6 | 1 | ||||
| Polluted | 75 | 4 | 2 | ||||
| Pejsak et al. (21) | 1100 Sows | CO | Farrowing unit | Number of sows that aborted | |||
| D (January 2006) | 28/28 | ||||||
| D (March 2006) | 25/28 | ||||||
| H | 26/28 | ||||||
| Rigdon and Rennels (22) | 14 Female rats | Benzo[a]pyrene | Untreated | Treated | |||
| Successful births | 3 | 1 | |||||
| Unsuccessful births | 3 | 8 | |||||
| Tsukue et al.(23) | 60 Female mice | DEP | Diesel exhaust particle concentration, mg/m3 | ||||
| Control (0.0) | 0.3 | 1.0 | 3.0 | ||||
| Number of abortions, % | 0 (0%) | 1 (9.1%) | 1(10.0%) | 2(16.7%) | |||
| Waldner et al. (24) | 23 Herds of cattle | H2S | Health measure | Investigational herds (n = 18) | Control herds (n = 5) | ||
| Abortion risk | 0.0 (0.0–3.0) | 0.0 (0.0–3.9) | |||||
| Stillbirth risk | 1.6(0.0–6.0) | 1.9(1.3–3.3) | |||||
| *Data expressed as median % (range %) | |||||||
| Waldner (25) | 28,144 Cows for abortion assessment, 28,402 Calves for stillbirth assessment | SO2, H2S, VOC | Summary risk for study population | ||||
| Productivity outcome | % | n | |||||
| Risk of abortion | 2.6 | 739 | |||||
| Risk of stillbirth | 2.6 | 739 | |||||
| Wood (26) | 16 Sows | CO | Incident | Total piglets born | Piglets dead at birth (% of total) | ||
| Incident 1 | 1198 | 335(28%) | |||||
| Incident 2 | 68 | 36 (52.9%) | |||||